This is part 12 of 30 of “The Book of Hajj”, book 16 of Al-Kafi — Hadith 7,222–7,271. The book is long enough that it is split across 30 pages so each one stays quick to load; the parts run in order and are linked at the foot of the page.
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Rayyan from al-Qasim al-Sayqal who has said the following: “I did not see anyone more strict about shadow in the state of Ihram than abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, who would command to remove the dome (tent) and its poles when he assumed the state of Ihram.’”
4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from ibn abu Nasr from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a woman for whom a shadow is prepared while she is in the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is permissible.’ I then asked the same about men. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, if he suffers from severe headache, but he must pay one mud (a certain measurement) of food as charity for every day.’”
5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Isma‘il ibn Bazi’ who has said the following: “I wrote to al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and asked if it is permissible to walk in the shadow of the carriage on camel back. He (the Imam) wrote back, ‘Yes, it is permissible.’ Another man had asked about preparing a shadow for one in the state of Ihram because of rain or sun and I was listening, he (the Imam) commanded him to pay a ransom of one sheep to be slaughtered in Mina.”
6. Ahmad has narrated from Ali ibn Ahmad ibn ‘Ushaym from Musa ibn ‘Umar from Muhammad ibn Mansur who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man in the state of Ihram and shadows. He (the Imam) said, ’He must not seek shadows unless he is ill.’”
7. Ahmad has narrated from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa al-Kilabiy who has said the following: “I once said to abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that Ali ibn Shihab has a headache, and cold is severe and he wants to assume the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘If that is the case he can use shadows, but you must stay out of the shadow for the sake of the One for whom you assume the state of Ihram.’”
8. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Isma‘il ibn ‘Abd al-Khaliq who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, if a man in the state of Ihram can cover himself from the sun. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so, unless he is an old man or one with illness.’”
9. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from Ibrahim ibn abu Mahmud who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in the state of Ihram: if he can use shadow and pay ransom if the sun and rain are harmful for him. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’ I asked, ‘How much is the ransom?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is one sheep.’”
10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-Kahiliy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is not harmful for women and children to have a dome (umbrella) while they are in the state of Ihram.’”
11. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Yahya al-Halabiy from Mu ‘alia’ ibn Khunays who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A man in the state of Ihram must not cover himself from the sun with a cloth; but it is not harmful to cover one part by the other part of his body.’”
12. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from baker ibn Salih who has said the following: “I once wrote to abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that my aunt who is my travel-mate and the heat is severe for her while she is in the state of Ihram; if I can provide shadow for her and for myself. He (the Imam) wrote, ‘You can provide shadow just for her alone.’”
13. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man in the state of Ihram if he can cover himself. He (the Imam) said, ‘From heat or cold, however, he cannot cover himself.’”
14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from those whom he has mentioned from Ali ibn Rashid who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who seeks shadow in his al-‘Umrah. He (the Imam) said, ’Slaughtering (an animal) is necessary.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘If he goes out to Makkah and uses shadow, it is necessary to slaughter an animal; one for al-‘Umrah and one for al- Hajj.’”
15. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn abu Najran from Muhammad ibn al-Fudayl who has said the following: “Once we were in the hall of Yahya ibn Khalid in Makkah. Abu al-Hassan, Musa, ‘Alayhi al-Salam and abu Yusuf were there. Abu Yusuf stood up to move closer and then sat down square in front of him (the Imam), and said, ‘O abu al-Hassan, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, can a man in the state of Ihram seek shadow?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot do so.’ He (abu Yusuf) asked, ‘Can he seek shadow of a wall, carriage, or enter the house or tent?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’ He (abu Yusuf) laughed in a scolding manner. He (the Imam) then said, ‘O abu Yusuf, religion is not based on analogies like your analogies and the analogies of your companions. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has commanded in His book to apply divorce and has insisted to have two witnesses bear testimony to the pronouncement of divorce and has not agreed unless they are just people. He has commanded to get married and has ignored the presence of witnesses but you require witnesses where Allah has made it (presence of witnesses) invalid and you have ignored the need for witnesses where Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, requires. You have also made divorce by an insane and drunk person permissible. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, performed al-Hajj, assumed the state of Ihram and did not prepare a shadow for himself. He (the Messenger of Allah) entered the house, the tent, used the shadow of the carriage and the wall; and we do as the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, did. He (abu Yusuf) remained quiet.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from those whom narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram must not submerge his head in the water.”’
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan from Ya’qub ibn Shu’ayb who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram must not submerge his head in the water, as well as one fasting.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il from al-Fadf ibn Shadhan from Safwan and ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must not touch any perfume or oil in the state of Ihram. Avoid perfumes in your food, hold your nose from sweet smelling things but you must not hold your nose against bad smells; it is not proper for one in the state of Ihram to enjoy sweet smelling perfumes.”’
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from those who informed him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘In the state of Ihram one must not touch any items of perfumes or sweet smells and must not enjoy such things; if one involves himself in such things, one must pay charity as much as one can.’”
3. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram eats saffron knowingly or food in which there is perfume, he must slaughter one animal as offering. If it is due to forgetfulness then there is nothing on him and he must only ask Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, to forgive him.’”
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram must hold his nose from sweet smelling things, but not from bad smelling ones.’”
5. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Ahmad ibn Muhammad, from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma‘il who has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan, from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn al- Hakam a similar Hadith and has said that the smells of perfumes from perfume sellers between al- Safa’ and al-Marwah is not harmful and one is not required to hold his nose.’” H 7243, Ch. 92, h 6
6. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from al- Hassan ibn Ziyad who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about perfumes, if using saltwort, which has a certain perfume and I wash my hands therewith while I am in the state of Ihram, is permissible. He (the Imam) said, ‘When you are about to assume the state of Ihram, look into your luggage and keep aside what you need.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You must give charity of something as expiation for your use of saltwort to wash your hands.’”
7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in the state of Ihram and his cloth comes in contact with perfume. He (the Imam) said, ’It is not harmful. He can wash it clean with his own hands.”’
8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Abd al-Karim from al-Hassan ibn Harun who has said the following: “I once said to abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that while in the state of Ihram, I ate Khabis (a certain sweet mix) until I was full. He (the Imam) said, ‘When you complete all of your acts and are about to leave, buy one dirham of dates and give it as charity. It will be expiation for whatever may have happened in your Ihram which you do not know.’”
9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Isma‘il ibn Hanan ibn Sadir from his father who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in the state of Ihram and uses a salt which is mixed with saffron. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not proper for one while in the state of Ihram to use a thing which has saffron or any other kind of perfumes.’”
10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Yahya ibn ‘Imran al-Halabiy from Mu‘alla’ abu ‘Uthman from Mu‘alla’ ibn Khunays who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, considered one’s sleeping on a yellow bed or yellow Mirfaqah (comforter), in the state of Ihram detestable.” (It perhaps is because of saffron dye)
11. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must not touch any fragrance while you are in the state of Ihram, or anything in which there is saffron, and do not taste any food with saffron in it.’”
12. Safwan has narrated from abu al-Mighra’ who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who in the state of Ihram washes his hand with saltwort. He (the Imam) said, ‘My father, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would wash his hands with white al-Hurud (saltwort).”’
13. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is not harmful, in the state of Ihram to smell, ‘Idhkhir (a green plant with a certain fragrance), lavender cotton, tulip, wormwood and similar things.’”
14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Hilal from ‘Abd Allah ibn Jabalah from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who in the state of Ihram, while sleeping, comes in contact with perfumes, and he does not know about it. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must wash it and there is nothing on him.’ I asked him (the Imam) about the case of one not in the state of Ihram applying perfume to one who is in the state of Ihram who does not know what is on him. He (the Imam) said, ‘He also must wash it clean and there is nothing on him but he must remain careful.”’
15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Abbas ibn Ma‘ruf from Ali ibn Mahziyar who has said the following: “I once asked ibn abu ‘Umayr about apple, citron and lotus and things with sweet fragrance. He said, ‘Hold back from smelling while you eat them.’” (It seems like it is ibn abu ‘Umayr’s Fatwa)
16. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from Musaddiq ibn Sadaqah from ‘Ammar ibn Musa who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in the state of Ihram and eats citron. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can eat.’ I then said, ‘It has nice fragrance.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Citron is food and it is not a fragrance.’”
17. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about henna (privet). He (the Imam) said, ‘A person in the state of Ihram can touch and treat his camel with it. It is not a perfume and it is not harmful.’”
18. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Kufiy from al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Amir from Hammad ibn ‘Uthaman who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of my clothes which are fumigated along with my clothes for Ihram and I find the smell in it. He (the Imam) said, ‘Spread it in the air so winds can dispel the smell.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must not look into the mirror, while you are in the state of Ihram; it is of beautification. A woman in the state of Ihram must not use kohl (eye-shadows) with black color; black is beautification.’”
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram must not look into the mirror; if one does so, one must say the Talbiyah (here I am, O Lord, to obey Your command).”’
3. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about kohl for one in the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘Not with black color but one can use it with sabr and hudod (two kinds of medicine for the eyes).”’
4. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban from those who narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram suffers from illness in the eyes it is permissible for one to use kohl which does not have musk or perfume in it.’”
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram must not use kohl unless it is to cure pain.’ He (the Imam) has said, ‘Using kohl which does not have any perfume while one is in the state of Ihram is not harmful, however, for beautification it is not permissible.’”
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Isma‘il ibn Muhammad ibn al-Fadl from abu al-Sabbah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram becomes ill one must treat the illness with edible items while he is in the state of Ihram.”’
2. Ali has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from those who narrated to him who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, passed by Ka‘b ibn ‘Ujrah. Lice spread from his head and he was in the state of Ihram. He (the Messenger of Allah) asked, ‘Do your bugs annoy you?’ He replied, ‘Yes, they annoy me.’ This verse of al-Quran was then revealed. ‘Those of you who become ill or find annoyance in their head expiate it by fasting or charity or an act of worship.’ (2:195) The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, commanded him to shave his head and made the fasting to be three days, charity to six destitute people two mud (a certain measurement) for each one and one sheep as an act of worship.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Wherever in al-Quran it is ‘or’ it is a reference to one’s having the choice to do what he likes, and wherever in al-Quran it says, ‘if one does not find then so and so’, then the first preference is one’s having the choice.’”
3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Abd Allah ibn Yahya al-Kahiliy who has said the following: “Once, a blind man asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when I was there, saying, ‘I use kohl when I assume the state of Ihram.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, do not use kohl.’ He said, ‘I am blind. If I use kohl it benefits me but if I do not use, it harms me.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If that is the case then you can use kohl.’ He then said, ‘With kohl I use a certain other thing.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What is it?’ He said, ‘I take two pieces of cloth, fold them and place them on my eyes, then secure them in place by a strip behind my head. If I did this it benefits me; if I did not do, it harms me. He (the Imam) said, ‘If that is the case then you can do it.’”
4. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Aban from those who narrated to him who has said the following: “A man once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a man in whose hands and feet cracks appear while he is in the state of Ihram; if he can use medicine. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so with oil and ghee.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If one in the state of Ihram becomes ill, one must treat the illness with what is lawful for him to eat in the state of Ihram.’”
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Um ay r from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in the state of Ihram; if he can squeeze a pimple or bandage a wound. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”
6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Hisham ibn Salim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If something appears on your skin like a pimple or so, you can bandage it and use ghee or oil as medicine.’”
7. Ahmad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Nu’man from Sa‘id al-’A‘raj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in the state of Ihram and has a head wound; if he can treat it with medicine or use bandage. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so and so also with a sore on the body.’”
8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Imran al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in the state of Ihram with a wound and treats it with a medicine which has saffron. He (the Imam) said, ‘If saffron is overwhelming, it is not permissible; but if the medicine is overwhelming, it is not harmful.’”
9. Muhammad ibn Yahya Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Najiyah from Muhammad ibn Ali from Marwan ibn Muslim from who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is in the state of Ihram, his ears are affected by winds and is afraid of illness; if he can place cotton in his ears. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful if he is afraid of illness, otherwise, it is not permissible.’”
10. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn “Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Mu‘awiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is not harmful if one in the state of Ihram ties a strip around his head because of headache.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who in the state of Ihram uses cupping (draws blood from his body). He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not permissible, unless there is no other choice, but the place from where blood is drawn must not be shaved.’”
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Muthanna’ ibn ‘Abd al-Salam from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One in the state of Ihram, must not use cupping (draw blood from one’s body) unless one fears for his life and that one cannot perform Salat (prayer).”’
Hasan or Muwaththaq· al-Majlisi
Sunni collections: text from the open hadith-api dataset. Al-Kafi: Arabic text, Muhammad Sarwar's translation and gradings from Thaqalayn.net via the Thaqalayn API. Hadith numbering follows those editions and can differ from a printed copy — check the Arabic against a trusted edition before relying on a reference.
