Marhoum

Born: 17 Rabi' al-Awwal AH (570) · Died: 28 Safar, 11 AH (632)

Born in Mecca in the Year of the Elephant, he received the first revelation at 40 and delivered the final message to all of humanity.

Born: 13 Rajab AH (599) · Died: 21 Ramadan, 40 AH (661)

The Prophet's ﷺ cousin and son-in-law, and the first Imam — martyred in the mihrab of Kufa while in prayer, on the 21st of Ramadan.

Born: 15 Ramadan, 3 AH (624) · Died: 28 Safar, 50 AH (670)

The Prophet's ﷺ elder grandson and the second Imam, known for his patience and his generosity, poisoned by his own wife at the instigation of Mu'awiya.

Born: 3 Sha'ban, 4 AH (626) · Died: 10 Muharram (Ashura), 61 AH (680)

The Prophet's ﷺ younger grandson and the third Imam, martyred with his family and companions at Karbala on the 10th of Muharram, refusing to legitimise tyranny.

Born: 5 Sha'ban, 38 AH (659) · Died: 25 Muharram, 95 AH (713)

The fourth Imam, a survivor of Karbala known for as-Sahifa as-Sajjadiyya, a collection of supplications still recited today.

Born: 1 Rajab, 57 AH (676) · Died: 7 Dhu al-Hijjah, 114 AH (733)

The fifth Imam, who taught openly in Medina in a rare period of political calm, laying much of the groundwork for Ja'fari jurisprudence.

Born: 17 Rabi' al-Awwal, 83 AH (702) · Died: 25 Shawwal, 148 AH (765)

The sixth Imam, whose students numbered in the thousands and whose name the Ja'fari school of fiqh carries to this day.

Born: 7 Safar, 128 AH (745) · Died: 25 Rajab, 183 AH (799)

The seventh Imam, imprisoned for years by the Abbasid court for his growing following, and poisoned in captivity in Baghdad.

Born: 11 Dhu al-Qa'dah, 148 AH (765) · Died: the last day of Safar, 203 AH (818)

The eighth Imam, briefly named heir to the caliphate by al-Ma'mun before being poisoned — his shrine in Mashhad remains one of the most visited in the Muslim world.

Born: 10 Rajab, 195 AH (811) · Died: the last day of Dhu al-Qa'dah, 220 AH (835)

The ninth Imam, who took up the Imamate as a child and was known even then for his learning and generosity, before being poisoned in Baghdad.

Born: 2 Rajab, 212 AH (827) · Died: 3 Rajab, 254 AH (868)

The tenth Imam, kept for decades under Abbasid surveillance in Samarra, where he continued to guide the community through his representatives.

Born: 8 Rabi' al-Thani, 232 AH (846) · Died: 8 Rabi' al-Awwal, 260 AH (874)

The eleventh Imam, confined for most of his life to the military quarter (al-'Askar) of Samarra that gave him his title, and father of Imam al-Mahdi.

Born: 15 Sha'ban, 255 AH (868)

The twelfth Imam, believed to be alive and in occultation since 260 AH, who will reappear by Allah's command to fill the earth with justice.

May Allah hasten his honourable reappearance.