This is part 8 of 22 of “The Book of Livelihood and Commerce (al-Ma'isha)”, book 18 of Al-Kafi — Hadith 8,656–8,705. The book is long enough that it is split across 22 pages so each one stays quick to load; the parts run in order and are linked at the foot of the page.
15- عَنْهُ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ غَبْنُ الْمُؤْمِنِ حَرَامٌ.
15. It is narrated from the narrator of previous Hadith from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Muyassir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Selling above fair piece to a believing person is unlawful.’”
16- أَحْمَدُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ أَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ أَقَالَ مُسْلِماً فِي بَيْعٍ أَقَالَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَثْرَتَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.
16. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali from Yazid ibn Ishaq from Harun ibn Hamzah from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one accepts a Muslim’s request to return a merchandise Allah, most High, on the Day of Judgment (returns) reduces his sins.’”
17- أَحْمَدُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ الأشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الدَّغْشِيِّ قَالَ كُنْتُ عَلَى بَابِ شِهَابِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ فَخَرَجَ غُلامُ شِهَابٍ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَ هَاشِمَ الصَّيْدَنَانِيَّ عَنْ حَدِيثِ السِّلْعَةِ وَالْبِضَاعَةِ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ هَاشِماً فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَنِ الْبِضَاعَةِ وَالسِّلْعَةِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ سِلْعَةٌ أَوْ بِضَاعَةٌ إِلا قَيَّضَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَنْ يُرْبِحُهُ فَإِنْ قَبِلَ وَإِلا صَرَفَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ رَدَّ عَلَى اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.
17. Ahmad has narrated from Ali from Ahmad ibn Ishaq ibn Sa‘d al-Ash’ariy from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sa‘id al-Daghshiy who has said the following: “Once I was at the door of Shihab ibn ‘Abde Rabbihi when the slave of Shihab came out and said, ‘I want to ask Hashim al-Saydananiy about the Hadith on “price and merchandise.’” He (the narrator) has said, ‘I then visited Hashim and asked him about that Hadith.’ He (Hashim) said, “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about this Hadith and he (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, whoever has a merchandise or goods with him, Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sends someone to profit him. He may accept such profit, otherwise, it is turned away from him to others; it is a rejection of the favor of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious.”””
18- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى رَفَعَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ كَانَ أَبُو أُمَامَةَ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَقُولُ أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ فَقَدْ طَابَ مَكْسَبُهُ إِذَا اشْتَرَى لَمْ يَعِبْ وَإِذَا بَاعَ لَمْ يَحْمَدْ وَلا يُدَلِّسُ وَفِيمَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ لا يَحْلِفُ.
18. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa in a marfu’ manner’ has said the following: “Abu ’Amamah, a companion of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah saying, “One who has four things his earning is fine: When buying does not belittle the merchandise, when selling does not admire the merchandise, does not adulterate and in between does not swear.’””
19- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ مُيَسِّرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِنَّ عَامَّةَ مَنْ يَأْتِينِي مِنْ إِخْوَانِي فَحُدَّ لِي مِنْ مُعَامَلَتِهِمْ مَا لا أَجُوزُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ وَلَّيْتَ أَخَاكَ فَحَسَنٌ وَإِلا فَبِعْ بَيْعَ الْبَصِيرِ الْمُدَاقِّ.
19. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Salih ibn abu Hammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Hudhayfah ibn Mansur from Muyassir who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Most of my clients are from our brothers (in belief). I request you to set for me a limit, how should I deal with them in a transaction so that I will not go beyond that limit.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If you consider your brother (in belief) as the person in charge it is fine, otherwise, deal with him in a transaction as one deals with a well aware hairsplitting person.”’
20- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الأعْلَى بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ قَالَ نُبِّئْتُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّهُ كَرِهَ بَيْعَيْنِ اطْرَحْ وَخُذْ عَلَى غَيْرِ تَقْلِيبٍ وَشِرَاءَ مَا لَمْ يُرَ.
20. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Sinan from Yunus ibn Ya’qub from ‘Abd al-‘A’la’ ibn ‘A‘yan who has said the following: “I was told about abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that he disliked two kinds of transactions: ‘Drop the merchandise without turning its other side and receive payment’, and ‘buying merchandise without seeing’.”
21- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ رَفَعَهُ فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ رِجالٌ لا تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجارَةٌ وَلا بَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللهِ قَالَ هُمُ التُّجَّارُ الَّذِينَ لا تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجَارَةٌ وَلا بَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِذَا دَخَلَ مَوَاقِيتُ الصَّلاةِ أَدَّوْا إِلَى اللهِ حَقَّهُ فِيهَا.
21. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Al-Husayn ibn Bashshar from a man in a marfu’ manner’ who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘There are men who do not become distracted from speaking of Allah because of trading and business.’ (24:37) He (the Imam) said, ‘They are the business people who do not become distracted from speaking of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, because of trade and business when it is time for Salat (prayer). They yield to the rights of Allah in such times.’”
22- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ بَزِيعٍ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ وَأَبِي شِبْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ رِبْحُ الْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ رِبًا إِلا أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَارْبَحْ عَلَيْهِ قُوتَ يَوْمِكَ أَوْ يَشْتَرِيَهُ لِلتِّجَارَةِ فَارْبَحُوا عَلَيْهِمْ وَارْفُقُوا بِهِمْ.
22. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il ibn Bazi’ from Salih ibn ‘Uqbah from Sulayman ibn Salih and abu Shibl who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘A believer’s making profit on another believer is Riba ’ accept if he buys more than a hundred dirham worth of goods, in which case, he can make a profit equal to the expenses of his day, or if he buys it for business and reselling. You may in this case make a profit but you must deal with kindness.’”
23- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ مَنِ اتَّجَرَ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ارْتَطَمَ فِي الرِّبَا ثُمَّ ارْتَطَمَ قَالَ وَكَانَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَقُولُ لا يَقْعُدَنَّ فِي السُّوقِ إِلا مَنْ يَعْقِلُ الشِّرَاءَ وَالْبَيْعَ.
23. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Talhah ibn Zayd who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one does business without knowledge, he plunges in Riba ’ again and again.’ Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would also say, ‘One who does not understand buying and selling must not sit in the market place for doing business.’”
1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ جَمِيلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ مَنَّ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ بَرِّهِمْ وَفَاجِرِهِمْ بِالْكِتَابِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَلَوْ لا ذَلِكَ لَتَغَالَطُوا.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah, from a man from Jamil who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘It is from Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, upon people, virtuous and sinful ones to write down and keep proper accounting. Without this they, certainly, suffer confusion and mistakes.’”
1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) سُوقُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَمَسْجِدِهِمْ فَمَنْ سَبَقَ إِلَى مَكَانٍ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ وَكَانَ لا يَأْخُذُ عَلَى بُيُوتِ السُّوقِ الْكِرَاءَ.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Talhah ibn Zayd who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The market-place of Muslims is like their Masjid. Whoever comes first to a place in it is more rightful than others to benefit thereof.’ He did not charge any rent for the use of houses of the market-place.’”
2- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ سُوقُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَمَسْجِدِهِمْ يَعْنِي إِذَا سَبَقَ إِلَى السُّوقِ كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلَ الْمَسْجِدِ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The market-place of Muslims is like their Masjid, that is, whoever comes to a place first is like the Masjid for him (in regards to having more right than others to use it).
1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ حَنَانٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ أَمَا لَكَ مَكَانٌ تَقْعُدُ فِيهِ فَتُعَامِلَ النَّاسَ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ مُؤْمِنٍ يَرُوحُ أَوْ يَغْدُو إِلَى مَجْلِسِهِ أَوْ سُوقِهِ فَيَقُولُ حِينَ يَضَعُ رِجْلَهُ فِي السُّوقِ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ خَيْرِهَا وَخَيْرِ أَهْلِهَا إِلا وَكَّلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِ مَنْ يَحْفَظُهُ وَيَحْفَظُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ قَدْ أُجِرْتَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ أَهْلِهَا يَوْمَكَ هَذَا بِإِذْنِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَقَدْ رُزِقْتَ خَيْرَهَا وَخَيْرَ أَهْلِهَا فِي يَوْمِكَ هَذَا فَإِذَا جَلَسَ مَجْلِسَهُ قَالَ حِينَ يَجْلِسُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إِلا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ حَلالا طَيِّباً وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَنْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أُظْلَمَ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ صَفْقَةٍ خَاسِرَةٍ وَيَمِينٍ كَاذِبَةٍ فَإِذَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ الْمُوَكَّلُ بِهِ أَبْشِرْ فَمَا فِي سُوقِكَ الْيَوْمَ أَحَدٌ أَوْفَرَ مِنْكَ حَظّاً قَدْ تَعَجَّلْتَ الْحَسَنَاتِ وَمُحِيَتْ عَنْكَ السَّيِّئَاتُ وَسَيَأْتِيكَ مَا قَسَمَ اللهُ لَكَ مُوَفَّراً حَلالا طَيِّباً مُبَارَكاً فِيهِ.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il from Hanan from his father who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once said to me, ‘O abu al-Fadl, do you have a place where you can sit and do business with people ? 5 I replied, ‘Yes, I have such a place . 5 He (the Imam) then said, ‘Whoever of believing people during the morning or evening goes to his market-place and says this when setting foot in the market-place, “O Allah, I pray to You to grant me goodness thereby and from its people 55 , Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, assigns someone to protect him and guard him until he returns to his home; and then says to him, “This day you were protected from the evil of that place and its people by the permission of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious. This day you were granted goodness thereby and from its people . 55 If one takes his place and says, “I testify that no one, other than Allah who is one only and has no partner, deserves worship and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah, I pray to You to grant me of your extra favor, in lawful manners and clean. I seek protection with You against my doing injustice or suffer injustice by others. I seek protection with You against losing transactions and false swearing . 55 When he says this the angel assigned with him says, “There is glad news for you about your market place. Today there is no one more fortunate than you in it. You were quick to perform good deeds and delete evil ones. What Allah has made your share will come to you a great deal, lawful, clean and with blessings in it . 55 5 55
2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ سُوقَكَ فَقُلِ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ خَيْرِهَا وَخَيْرِ أَهْلِهَا وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ أَهْلِهَا اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَنْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أُظْلَمَ أَوْ أَبْغِيَ أَوْ يُبْغَى عَلَيَّ أَوْ أَعْتَدِيَ أَوْ يُعْتَدَى عَلَيَّ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ إِبْلِيسَ وَجُنُودِهِ وَشَرِّ فَسَقَةِ الْعَرَبِ وَالْعَجَمِ وَحَسْبِيَ اللهُ لا إِلَهَ إِلا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَهُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ.
2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you enter your market-place you should say this, ‘O Allah, I pray to You to grant me of its (market-place) good things and its good people. I seek protection with You against its evil and the evil of its people. O Allah, I seek protection with You against my own injustice and injustice done to me, against my own transgression and the transgression committed against me, against my own excess and excess acts against me. O Allah, I seek protection with You against the evil of Satan and his armies, against the criminal ones of Arab and none-Arab people. Allah is sufficient for me. No one, except Allah, deserves worship. I entrust Him with my affairs and He is the Lord of the great Throne . 555
1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ شَيْئاً مِنْ مَتَاعٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ فَكَبِّرْ ثُمَّ قُلِ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ فَصَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ اللهُمَّ فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ فَضْلا اللهُمَّ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُهُ أَلْتَمِسُ فِيهِ مِنْ رِزْقِكَ [اللهُمَّ] فَاجْعَلْ لِي فِيهِ رِزْقاً ثُمَّ أَعِدْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn Hariz who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you buy merchandise or something say Takbir (Allah is great beyond description). Then say, ‘O Allah, I have purchased this and I seek in it your extra favor, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause. O Allah, place in it of your extra favors. O Allah, I have purchased it and seek in it sustenance from You. O Allah, place sustenance in it.’ Thereafter repeat each of the above three times.”’
2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ هُذَيْلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ جَارِيَةً فَقُلِ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَشِيرُكَ وَأَسْتَخِيرُكَ.
2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from Hudhayl who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you want to buy a slave-girl say this, ‘O Allah, I consult You and pray to You to grant me what is good.’”
3- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ شَيْئاً فَقُلْ يَا حَيُّ يَا قَيُّومُ يَا دَائِمُ يَا رَءُوفُ يَا رَحِيمُ أَسْأَلُكَ بِعِزَّتِكَ وَقُدْرَتِكَ وَمَا أَحَاطَ بِهِ عِلْمُكَ أَنْ تَقْسِمَ لِي مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ الْيَوْمَ أَعْظَمَهَا رِزْقاً وَأَوْسَعَهَا فَضْلا وَخَيْرَهَا عَاقِبَةً فَإِنَّهُ لا خَيْرَ فِيمَا لا عَاقِبَةَ لَهُ قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِذَإ؛ اشْتَرَيْتَ دَابَّةً أَوْ رَأْساً فَقُلِ اللهُمَّ اقْدِرْ لِي أَطْوَلَهَا حَيَاةً وَأَكْثَرَهَا مَنْفَعَةً وَخَيْرَهَا عَاقِبَةً.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from and Sahl ibn Ziyad from ibn Mahbub from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you decide to buy something say this, “O Living, O Guardian, O Eternal, O Compassionate, O Merciful I pray to You through Your majesty, Your power and all that Your knowledge encompasses, grant me of business the greatest share of sustenance, vastest extra favors and the best of consequences; there is no goodness in that which is void of good consequences.’” He (the narrator) has said that abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said, ‘When you buy an animal or a head (living thing) say this, “O Allah, make it to live the longest, benefit the most and of the best consequences.’””
4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ دَابَّةً فَقُلِ اللهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَظِيمَةَ الْبَرَكَةِ فَاضِلَةَ الْمَنْفَعَةِ مَيْمُونَةَ النَّاصِيَةِ فَيَسِّرْ لِي شِرَاهَا وَإِنْ كَانَتْ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَاصْرِفْنِي عَنْهَا إِلَى الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ لِي مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ وَلا أَعْلَمُ وَتَقْدِرُ وَلا أَقْدِرُ وَأَنْتَ عَلامُ الْغُيُوبِ تَقُولُ ذَلِكَ ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ.
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Mu‘awiyah ibn ‘Ammar, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you decide to buy an animal, say this, “O Allah, if this is of great blessings, extra benefits and of a fortunate nature, I pray to You to make its purchasing easy for me. If it is otherwise, then turn me to what is better than this; You know and I do not know. You have power over all things but I do not have such power and You know the unseen.” You should say this three times’”
1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ صَبِيحٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لا تَشْتَرِ مِنْ مُحَارَفٍ فَإِنَّ صَفْقَتَهُ لا بَرَكَةَ فِيهَا.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from al-‘Abbas ibn al-Walid ibn Sabih from his father who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once said to me, ‘You must not purchase from a Muharaf (unfortunate) person; making a deal with such people is devoid of blessings.’ ”
2- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ الشَّامِيِّ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ عِنْدَنَا قَوْماً مِنَ الأكْرَادِ وَإِنَّهُمْ لا يَزَالُونَ يَجِيئُونَ بِالْبَيْعِ فَنُخَالِطُهُمْ وَنُبَايِعُهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الرَّبِيعِ لا تُخَالِطُوهُمْ فَإِنَّ الأكْرَادَ حَيٌّ مِنْ أَحْيَاءِ الْجِنِّ كَشَفَ اللهُ عَنْهُمُ الْغِطَاءَ فَلا تُخَالِطُوهُمْ.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya and others have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from those whom he has mentioned from abu Rabi’ al-Shamiy who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘In our area there are Kurdish people who come and sell certain things. Can we intermingle with them and purchase from them?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘O abu Rabi‘, you must not intermingle with them; Kurdish people are a tribe of the tribes of Jinn from whom Allah has removed covering, so do not intermingle with them.’” (Consult Fatwa about this hadith)
3- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ مُيَسِّرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لا تُعَامِلْ ذَا عَاهَةٍ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَظْلَمُ شَيْءٍ.
3. Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah, has narrated from Ahmad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah, from more than one person of his people from Ali ibn Asbat from Husayn ibn Kharijah from Muyassir in ‘Abd al-‘Aziz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once said to me, ‘You must not form contracts with people suffering from crippling diseases; they are of most unjust things (they do not avoid transmitting their diseases to others).”’
4- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ قَالَ اسْتَقْرَضَ قَهْرَمَانٌ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مِنْ رَجُلٍ طَعَاماً لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَأَلَحَّ فِي التَّقَاضِي فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَلَمْ أَنْهَكَ أَنْ تَسْتَقْرِضَ لِي مِمَّنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فَكَانَ.
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hafs al-Bakhtariy who has said the following: “Once an agent of abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, borrowed a certain amount of food (grain) for abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. The lender insistently demanded replacement. He (the Imam) said to his agent, ‘Did I not prohibit you the borrowing from one who did not have anything (who has) just then come to own something?”’
5- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ ظَرِيفِ بْنِ نَاصِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لا تُخَالِطُوا وَلا تُعَامِلُوا إِلا مَنْ نَشَأَ فِي الْخَيْرِ.
5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Zarif ibn Nasih who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must not form contracts with anyone other than those who are established in goodness.”
6- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) احْذَرُوا مُعَامَلَةَ أَصْحَابِ الْعَاهَاتِ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَظْلَمُ شَيْءٍ.
6. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from in a marfu’ manner’ the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Avoid forming contracts with people who suffer from crippling diseases; they do (not avoid transmitting their disease to others) the most unjust things.’”
7- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَقْطِينٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مَيَّاحٍ عَنْ عِيسَى عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِيَّاكَ وَمُخَالَطَةَ السَّفِلَةِ فَإِنَّ السَّفِلَةَ لا يَئُولُ إِلَى خَيْرٍ.
7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn Yaqtin from Al-Husayn ibn Mayyah from ‘Isa who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must remain on your guard in intermingling with lowly people; lowly people do not end up in goodness.’” (Al-Saduq in Ma‘ani al-Akhbar has said the following to be of the qualities of lowly people: People indifferent to what they say or what is said against them, those who play tambourine, those who are indifferent to favor and insult or those who falsely claim to be trustworthy.)
8- عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بُنْدَارَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ فَضْلٍ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى الرَّازِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لا تُخَالِطُوا وَلا تُعَامِلُوا إِلا مَنْ نَشَأَ فِي الْخَيْرِ.
8. Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Bandar has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu ‘Abd Alfah, from his father from Fadf al- Nawfafiy from ibn abu Yahya al-Raziy who has said the fofiowing: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must not intermingle or form contract with anyone except those who are established in goodness.’”
9- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ مُيَسِّرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) لا تُعَامِلْ ذَا عَاهَةٍ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَظْلَمُ شَيْءٍ.
9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from A number of our people have narrated from Ali ibn Asbat from Husayn ibn Kharijah from Muyassir ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must not form contracts with people who suffer from crippling diseases; they are most unjust things’ (do not avoid transmitting their disease to others).”
1- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لا يَكُونُ الْوَفَاءُ حَتَّى يَمِيلَ الْمِيزَانُ.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ibn Faddal from ibn Bukayr from Hammad ibn Bashir who has said the following: “Abu ‘ Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Proper weighing is only when a balance tilts to one side.”’
2- عَنْهُ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُرَازِمٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قَالَ مَنْ أَخَذَ الْمِيزَانَ بِيَدِهِ فَنَوَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لِنَفْسِهِ وَافِياً لَمْ يَأْخُذْ إِلا رَاجِحاً وَمَنْ أَعْطَى فَنَوَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَ سَوَاءً لَمْ يُعْطِ إِلا نَاقِصاً.
2. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous one from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn Murazim from a man from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one uses a balance with the intention to weigh for himself properly ends up weighing heavier for himself, and one who intends to weigh equally, ends up weighing less.’”
3- عَنْهُ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) إِنِّي صَاحِبُ نَخْلٍ فَخَبِّرْنِي بِحَدٍّ أَنْتَهِي إِلَيْهِ فِيهِ مِنَ الْوَفَاءِ فَقَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) انْوِ الْوَفَاءَ فَإِنْ أَتَى عَلَى يَدِكَ وَقَدْ نَوَيْتَ الْوَفَاءَ نُقْصَانٌ كُنْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْوَفَاءِ وَإِنْ نَوَيْتَ النُّقْصَانَ ثُمَّ أَوْفَيْتَ كُنْتَ مِنْ أَهْلِ النُّقْصَانِ.
3. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous one from al-Hajjal from ‘Ubayd ibn Ishaq who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I own palm trees. Instruct me how to be proper in my giving and taking.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘Keep your intention to maintain it (crop) properly fair; if despite such intention, less proper fairness takes place, you are of those who maintain it properly. On the other hand, if you intended it to be less proper, but maintained it properly, you are of those who maintain it less properly.’”
4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُثَنًّى الْحَنَّاطِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ نِيَّتِهِ الْوَفَاءُ وَهُوَ إِذَا كَالَ لَمْ يُحْسِنْ أَنْ يَكِيلَ قَالَ فَمَا يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ حَوْلَهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَقُولُونَ لا يُوفِي قَالَ هَذَا لا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَكِيلَ.
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-Muthanna’ al-Hannat from certain persons of our people who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘There is man who has the intention to maintain proper weighing; but when he weighs cannot do it properly.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘What do people around say about him?’ I (the narrator) replied, ‘They say, ‘He does not maintain it properly.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He should not do weighing.’”
5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لا يَكُونُ الْوَفَاءُ حَتَّى يَرْجَحَ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from more than one person who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is not a proper weighing until a side of balance tilts.’”
1- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ غَشَّنَا.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One who cheats is not of our people.’”
2- وَبِهَذَا الإسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) لِرَجُلٍ يَبِيعُ التَّمْرَ يَا فُلانُ أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَنْ غَشَّهُمْ.
2. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous it narrated who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, once said to a man who sold dates, ‘O master so and so, do you know that one who cheats Muslims is not one of them?”’
3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سِجَادَةَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ قَالَ كُنَّا عِنْدَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَإِذَا دَنَانِيرُ مَصْبُوبَةٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى دِينَارٍ فَأَخَذَهُ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَطَعَهُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي أَلْقِهِ فِي الْبَالُوعَةِ حَتَّى لا يُبَاعَ شَيْءٌ فِيهِ غِشٌّ.
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from certain persons of our people from Sajdah from Musa ibn Bukayr who has said the following: “Once we were in the presence of abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, while in front of him there were certain pieces of dinars. He (the Imam) looked at one piece and picked it up and broke it into two pieces. He (the Imam) said to me, ‘Throw it in the trash so an adulterated thing is not purchased anymore.’”
4- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ عُبَيْسِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ يَبِيعُ الدَّقِيقَ فَقَالَ إِيَّاكَ وَالْغِشَّ فَإِنَّ مَنْ غَشَّ غُشَّ فِي مَالِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غُشَّ فِي أَهْلِهِ.
4. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Ali ibn ‘Abd Allah from ‘Ubays ibn Hisham from a man of his people who has said the following: “Once, a man who sold flour came before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. He (the Imam) said to him, ‘Beware of cheating; one who cheats in matters of properties, cheating takes place in his properties, if he does not have any property cheating takes place in his family (wife).”’
5- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) عَنْ أَنْ يُشَابَ اللَّبَنُ بِالْمَاءِ لِلْبَيْعِ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, prohibited mixing of milk with water to sell.’”
6- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ قَالَ كُنْتُ أَبِيعُ السَّابِرِيَّ فِي الظِّلالِ فَمَرَّ بِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) فَقَالَ لِي يَا هِشَامُ إِنَّ الْبَيْعَ فِي الظِّلِّ غِشٌّ وَإِنَّ الْغِشَّ لا يَحِلُّ.
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn al-Hakam who has said the following: “Once when I was selling al-Sabiriy (a certain kind of fabric) in the shade, abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, passed by and said to me, ‘O Hisham, selling in shade is cheating and cheating is not lawful.’”
7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الإسْكَافِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي سُوقِ الْمَدِينَةِ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ مَا أَرَى طَعَامَكَ إِلا طَيِّباً وَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ سِعْرِهِ فَأَوْحَى اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَدُسَّ يَدَيْهِ فِي الطَّعَامِ فَفَعَلَ فَأَخْرَجَ طَعَاماً رَدِيّاً فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِهِ مَا أَرَاكَ إِلا وَقَدْ جَمَعْتَ خِيَانَةً وَغِشّاً لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ.
7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ibn Mahbub from abu Jamilah from Sa‘d al-Iskaf who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Once, in the market place of al-Madinah, the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, passed by a place where food was sold. The Holy Prophet said, to the owner, “I can see your food is good.” He then asked about its price. Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sent revelation and told him to check the lower levels of the food for sale. When he checked a bad quality of food came out. He then said to the owner, “Now I can see you have collected betrayal and cheating for the Muslims.’””
1- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْفَزَارِيِّ قَالَ دَعَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) مَوْلًى لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ مُصَادِفٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ وَقَالَ لَهُ تَجَهَّزْ حَتَّى تَخْرُجَ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَإِنَّ عِيَالِي قَدْ كَثُرُوا قَالَ فَتَجَهَّزَ بِمَتَاعٍ وَخَرَجَ مَعَ التُّجَّارِ إِلَى مِصْرَ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْا مِنْ مِصْرَ اسْتَقْبَلَتْهُمْ قَافِلَةٌ خَارِجَةٌ مِنْ مِصْرَ فَسَأَلُوهُمْ عَنِ الْمَتَاعِ الَّذِي مَعَهُمْ مَا حَالُهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَ مَتَاعَ الْعَامَّةِ فَأَخْبَرُوهُمْ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِمِصْرَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ فَتَحَالَفُوا وَتَعَاقَدُوا عَلَى أَنْ لا يَنْقُصُوا مَتَاعَهُمْ مِنْ رِبْحِ الدِّينَارِ دِينَاراً فَلَمَّا قَبَضُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَانْصَرَفُوا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَدَخَلَ مُصَادِفٌ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) وَمَعَهُ كِيسَانِ فِي كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ أَلْفُ دِينَارٍ فَقَالَ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ هَذَا رَأْسُ الْمَالِ وَهَذَا الآخَرُ رِبْحٌ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الرِّبْحَ كَثِيرٌ وَلَكِنْ مَا صَنَعْتَهُ فِي الْمَتَاعِ فَحَدَّثَهُ كَيْفَ صَنَعُوا وَكَيْفَ تَحَالَفُوا فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ تَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مُسْلِمِينَ أَلا تَبِيعُوهُمْ إِلا رِبْحَ الدِّينَارِ دِينَاراً ثُمَّ أَخَذَ أَحَدَ الْكِيسَيْنِ فَقَالَ هَذَا رَأْسُ مَالِي وَلا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِي هَذَا الرِّبْحِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُصَادِفُ مُجَادَلَةُ السُّيُوفِ أَهْوَنُ مِنْ طَلَبِ الْحَلالِ.
1. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Ahmad ibn abu Nadr from abu Ja’far al-Fazariy who has said the following: “Once abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, called one of his servants named Musadif and gave him a thousand dinar. He (the Imam) told him to prepare for traveling to Egypt and added, ‘The number of my dependents has increased.’ He (the narrator) has said that the servant prepared certain items of merchandise along with the traders to go for trade to Egypt. When they arrived near Egypt they met a caravan coming out of Egypt. They asked the outgoing caravan with regards to the condition of their merchandise, which was of general nature, in the city. The outgoing people informed them that no such merchandise was available in the city. They (people of the incoming caravan) made an agreement among themselves on oath not to sell their merchandise for less than a profit of one dinar for each dinar worth of merchandise. After taking possession of their belongings, they returned to al-Madinah and Musadif came to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, with two bagfuls of dinars, each of which had a thousand dinars. He said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, this is the capital and this is the profit.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This is a great deal of profit. However, what did you do with the merchandise?’ He (Musadif) told the story of their agreement on oath. He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah is free of all defects. Why do you make an agreement on oath against a Muslim people not to sell for less than a profit of one dinar for each dinar worth of merchandise?’ He (the Imam) then took the two bags and said, ‘This is my capital and we do not need this profit.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘O Musadif, settling with sword is easier than earning by lawful ways.’”
2- وَعَنْهُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْسِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَامَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) عَلَى دَارِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ وَكَانَ يُقَامُ فِيهَا الإبِلُ فَقَالَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ السَّمَاسِرَةِ أَقِلُّوا الأيْمَانَ فَإِنَّهَا مَنْفَقَةٌ لِلسِّلْعَةِ مَمْحَقَةٌ لِلرِّبْحِ.
2. Through the same chain of narrators as the previous one is the following Hadith from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Kufiy from ‘Ubays ibn Hisham from Aban ibn Taghlib from abu Hamzah in a marfu’ manner’ has said, the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once stood on the house of ibn abu Mu‘ayt where camel men stayed, and said, ‘O middlemen people, you must reduce swearing; it makes a merchandise easily marketable but destroys the profit.’”
3- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الدِّهْقَانِ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ بْنِ أَبِي مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ ثَلاثَةٌ لا يَنْظُرُ اللهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَحَدُهُمْ رَجُلٌ اتَّخَذَ اللهَ بِضَاعَةً لا يَشْتَرِي إِلا بِيَمِينٍ وَلا يَبِيعُ إِلا بِيَمِينٍ.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Muhammad ibn Tsa from ‘Ubayd Allah al- Dihqan from Durust ibn abu Mansur from Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, Musa, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘On the Day of Judgment, Allah, most High, will not look to three kinds of people. Of such people one kind is a man who does not buy or sell anything without swearing.’”
4- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ زَعْلانَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ رَفَعَهُ عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْحَلْفَ فَإِنَّهُ يُنَفِّقُ السِّلْعَةَ وَيَمْحَقُ الْبَرَكَةَ.
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Tsa from Muhammad ibn al-Hassan Za’lan from abu Tsma’il; in a marfu’ manner’ has said, the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would say, ‘Beware of swearing; it may make a merchandise easily sell, but it destroys the blessings.’”
1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الْغِفَارِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) عَلامَةُ رِضَا اللهِ تَعَالَى فِي خَلْقِهِ عَدْلُ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَرُخْصُ أَسْعَارِهِمْ وَعَلامَةُ غَضَبِ اللهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى عَلَى خَلْقِهِ جَوْرُ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَغَلاءُ أَسْعَارِهِمْ.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Ya’qub Yazid from al-Ghifariy from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Ishaq from his father from his grandfather who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘Of the signs of happiness of Allah, most High, with His creatures is the existence of a just ruler and low prices. Of the signs of unhappiness of Allah, most High with His creatures is the existence of an unjust ruler and high prices.’”
2- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ جَلَّ وَعَزَّ وَكَّلَ بِالسِّعْرِ مَلَكاً فَلَنْ يَغْلُوَ مِنْ قِلَّةٍ وَلا يَرْخُصَ مِنْ كَثْرَةٍ.
2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from Muhammad ibn Aslam from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has assigned an angel on prices. Prices do not go high because of shortages and do not lower because of bounteousness.’”
3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ الثُّمَالِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَكَّلَ بِالسِّعْرِ مَلَكاً يُدَبِّرُهُ بِأَمْرِهِ.
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn al-‘Abbas ibn Ma’ruf from al-Hajjal from certain persons of his people from abu Hamzah al-Thumaliy who has said the following: “Ali ibn Al-Husayn, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has assigned an angel who regulates prices by His command.’”
4- سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَكَّلَ بِالأسْعَارِ مَلَكاً يُدَبِّرُهَا.
4. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Ya’qub ibn Yazid from those whom he has mentioned who has narrated the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has assigned an angel on prices who regulates them (as needed).”’
5- عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لَمَّا صَارَتِ الأشْيَاءُ لِيُوسُفَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) جَعَلَ الطَّعَامَ فِي بُيُوتٍ وَأَمَرَ بَعْضَ وُكَلائِهِ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ بِعْ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا وَالسِّعْرُ قَائِمٌ فَلَمَّا عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ يَزِيدُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ كَرِهَ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ الْغَلاءُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ فَبِعْ وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهُ سِعْراً فَذَهَبَ الْوَكِيلُ غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ فَبِعْ وَكَرِهَ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ الْغَلاءُ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ فَذَهَبَ الْوَكِيلُ فَجَاءَ أَوَّلُ مَنِ اكْتَالَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ دُونَ مَا كَانَ بِالأمْسِ بِمِكْيَالٍ قَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي حَسْبُكَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا فَعَلِمَ الْوَكِيلُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ غَلا بِمِكْيَالٍ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ آخَرُ فَقَالَ لَهُ كِلْ لِي فَكَالَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ دُونَ الَّذِي كَالَ لِلأوَّلِ بِمِكْيَالٍ قَالَ لَهُ الْمُشْتَرِي حَسْبُكَ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا فَعَلِمَ الْوَكِيلُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ غَلا بِمِكْيَالٍ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى وَاحِدٍ بِوَاحِدٍ.
5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn Hammad from Yunus ibn Ya’qub from Sa‘d from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When things were given in the control of Joseph ibn Ya’qub, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, he placed the grain in houses (storage) and issued an order to his servants to sell for a price of such and such amount. Prices were fixed. When he learned that prices are high he disliked to speak of high prices and then said, ‘Go and sell without mentioning prices.’ The agent before going far away returned to him. He said, ‘Go and sell.’ He disliked speaking of high prices. The agent went back and the first buyer came. The agent measured for him and when it was still less than the amount of the previous day by one measurement the buyer said, ‘It is enough; I only wanted this much for this much.’ The agent realized that prices are still high. Then another buyer came and asked him to measure for him. He measured for him and it still was one less than the measurement for the previous buyer when this buyer said, ‘This much is enough. I only wanted this much (grain) for this much (money).’ The agent realized that prices are still high and so on until it came down to one for one.’”
6- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ السَّرَّاجِ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلام) قَالَ غَلاءُ السِّعْرِ يُسِيءُ الْخُلُقَ وَيُذْهِبُ الأمَانَةَ وَيُضْجِرُ الْمَرْءَ الْمُسْلِمَ.
6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il al-Sarraj from Hafs ibn ‘Umar from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘High prices worsens moral discipline, destroy trust and cause suffering to the Muslims.’”
7- أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ رَفَعَهُ فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِنِّي أَراكُمْ بِخَيْرٍ قَالَ كَانَ سِعْرُهُمْ رَخِيصاً.
7. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from certain persons of his people in a marfu’ manner’ who have said the following: “About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘I see you in goodness . . . (11:84) He (the Imam) said, ‘It is a reference to their prices.”
Sunni collections: text from the open hadith-api dataset. Al-Kafi: Arabic text, Muhammad Sarwar's translation and gradings from Thaqalayn.net via the Thaqalayn API. Hadith numbering follows those editions and can differ from a printed copy — check the Arabic against a trusted edition before relying on a reference.
