« The Book of Supplication » est le livre 7 de Al-Kafi, le recueil de ash-Shaykh Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni. Il contient 408 hadiths — Hadith 3 052–3 101 selon la numérotation standard. Chacun est présenté ci-dessous dans l'arabe original avec une traduction, sa référence complète, et l'authentification donnée par les savants du hadith lorsqu'elle a été enregistrée. Il est suffisamment long pour être divisé en 9 pages afin que chacune se charge rapidement ; les parties se suivent dans l'ordre et sont liées au bas de la page.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurara from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘Those who consider themselves above the need to worship Me will soon go to hell in disgrace.’ (40:60) “The Imam said, ‘This is a reference to prayer. The best form of worship is prayer (pleading before Allah for help).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘What is meant by: Ibrahim is la awwahu, prayerful and forbearing?’ The Imam said, ‘It means pleading for help before Allah.’”
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isma’il and ibn Mahbub all Hanan ibn Sadir from his father who has said the following: “Once I asked abu Ja’far (a.s.) ‘Which form of worship is better?’ The Imam said, ‘There is nothing more excellent before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, than to ask and request Him to grant one from things He owns. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, hates no one more than one who feels himself greater than to be in need of asking Allah for help, thus, he does not ask Him for help.’”
3. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Maysir ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) once said to me, ‘O Maysir, pray and do not say that it is predetermined and it is all over. There is a position with Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, that is not accessible without praying to Him. If a servant keeps his mouth closed and does not plead to receive help, he will not receive anything. O Maysir, there is no door that is knocked repeatedly but that sooner or later it will open up.’”
4. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Khashshab from ibn Baqqah from Mu’adh from ‘Amr ibn Jumayi’ from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘One who does not ask help from Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, becomes needy and poor.’”
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) saying, ‘Pray and do not say that it (belief in predetermination) is already determined and the matter is settled; prayer is worshipping. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘Those who consider themselves above the need to worship Me will soon go to hell in disgrace,’ (40:60) ‘Pray to Me, I will accept your prayers (first part of the above verse).”’
6. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ibn abu Najran from Sayf al-Tammar who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) saying, ‘You must plead before Allah for help; you cannot seek nearness to Allah by any means better than pleading before Him for help. Do not leave your small needs without pleading before Allah for help, just because they are small; both small and large needs are in the hands of One and the same One.’”
7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa’Id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from al-Qasim ibn Sulayman from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurara from his father from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, pleading before Allah for help is the form of worship about which Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said, ‘Those who consider themselves above the need to worship Me will soon go to hell in disgrace,’ (40:60) pray to Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, and do not say that things are already determined and settled (due to predestination).’ “Zurara has said, ‘The Imam thereby has meant that your belief in Allah’s decision and His measures should not stop you from praying to Allah and pleading before Him for help with seriousness and enthusiasm just as he (the Imam) has said.’”
8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) has said, ‘The most beloved of deeds before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, on earth is pleading before Him for help and the best worship is chastity.’ The Imam said, ‘Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) was a very prayerful man.’”
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from al-Sakuni from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Pleading before Allah for help is believing people’s weapons, the pillar of religion and the light of the heavens and earth.’”
2. Through the same chain of narrators it is narrated from Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) who has said the following: “Pleading before Allah for help is the key to success and the input for one’s well being. The best prayer is what comes out of a clean chest and pious heart. In pleading before Allah for help there is the means for salvation, in sincerity there is freedom and when distress intensifies, Allah is the only One before Whom one must implore for protection.”
3. Through his chain of narrators the narrator has said the following: “The Holy Prophet (a.s.) once said, ‘Should I guide you to a weapon that will save you from your enemies and increase your means of living?’ They said, ‘Yes, (O Messenger of Allah).’ The Holy Prophet said, ‘Pray and plead before Allah for help night and day; prayer is the weapon of believing people.’”
4. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) has said, ‘Prayer is a shield for a believing person. When a door is knocked often it will sooner or later open up.’”
5. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from certain individuals of our people who has said the following: “Al-Rida (a.s.) would say to his disciples, ‘You must keep with you the weapons of the prophets.’ It was asked, ‘What are the weapons of the prophets?’ The Imam said, ‘It is prayer, pleading before Allah for help.’”
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from abu Sa’Id al-Bajilli who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Prayer, pleading before Allah for help is more effective than spears.’”
7. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Prayer, pleading before Allah for help, is more effective than spears of iron.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) saying, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help repeals al- Qada, what is already determined, and severs it as threads are incised, even though it (threads) may have been coiled and knotted extremely strong and solid.’”
2. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim from ‘Umar ibn Yazid who has said the following: “I heard abu al-Hassan (a.s.) saying, ‘Prayer, and pleading before Allah for help, repeals Quddira, what is already measured, and the unmeasured.’ I (the narrator) then asked the Imam, ‘I know the meaning of what is ‘Measured’, but what is the meaning of the ‘Unmeasured’?’ The Imam said, ‘So that it (a measure, of misfortune) will not come into being.’”
3. Abu Ali al-Ash’ari has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from Bistam al-Zayyat from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help, repeals al- Qada ’, what is already determined, has already come down from heavens and is firmly established.’”
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from [Ahmad ibn] Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from abu Hammam Isma’Il ibn Hammam from al-Rida (a.s.) who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) has said, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help, and misfortune are joined together and will remain so until the Day of Judgment. Prayer repeals misfortunes even though it (misfortune) may have already been firmly established.’”
5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from abu al-Hassan (a.s.) who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) has said, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help, repels the misfortune that has already come down and that which has not yet come down.’”
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurara who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) once said to me, ‘Should I tell you something about a case in which even the Messenger of Allah is not an exception?’ I said, ‘Yes, (I like to know).’ The Imam said, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help repeals al-Qada, what is already determined, even though it may have firmly been established. He folded his fingers together (to form a fist as a sign of firmness).’”
7. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad from al- Washsha’ from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) saying, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help, repeals what is already determined, even after it is firmly established. Thus, increase your prayers; it is the key to all favors, success and need. What is with Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, cannot be achieved by any means other than prayer and any door that is knocked very often will sooner or later open up to the one knocking.’”
8. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan Musa (a.s.) has said, ‘You must pray and plead before Allah for help; pleading before Allah for help and requesting from Him repels misfortunes even though they may have already been measured and determined, Qudiya and Quddira, and are set to take place free of all obstacles except final approval, al-’Imda’. When Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, is called for help and is requested to remove a misfortune. He diverts it without fail.’”
9. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated in a marfu ’ manner from Ishaq ibn ‘ Ammar who has said the following: ‘‘Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘By means of prayer, Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, repels a thing (a misfortune) that He knows He will divert it if a plea will be made before Him. However, if the servant (of Allah) fails to pray and plead before Allah for help, the misfortune will afflict him to the extent of pulling him to pieces from the face of earth.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Asbat ibn Slim from al-‘Ala’ ibn Kamil who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) once said to me, ‘You must pray and plead before Allah for help; it is the cure to all diseases.’”
1 - محمد بن يحيى، عن أحمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن علي، عن عبد الله ابن ميمون القداح، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام): قال: الدعاء كهف الإجابة كما أن السحاب كهف المطر.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hassan ibn Ali from ‘Abd Allah ibn Maymun al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help is the means for its acceptance just as clouds are means of rain.’”
2 - عدة من أصحابنا، عن سهل بن زياد، عن جعفر بن محمد الأشعري، عن ابن القداح، عن أبي عبد الله (عليه السلام): قال: ما أبرز عبد يده إلى الله العزيز الجبار إلا استحيا الله عز وجل أن يردها صفرا حتى يجعل فيها من فضل رحمته ما يشاء.فإذا دعا أحدكم فلا يرد يده حتى يمسح على وجهه ورأسه.
2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Any servant (of Allah) who raises his hands toward Allah, the Most Majestic, the Compelling, Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, will be shy to turn him down empty-handed, and without placing in it from His favors as He wills. After praying you (every one of you) should not return his hands to normal position before wiping them over his face and head.”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) once asked, ‘Can you tell if a misfortune is of a lengthy duration or a shorter one?’ We said, ‘No, we do not know.’ The Imam said, ‘Whenever any of you is inspired to pray then you should know that the misfortune is of a shorter duration.’”
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Mahbub from abu Wallad who has said the following: “Once abu al-Hassan Musa (a.s.) said, ‘Whenever a misfortune is about to arrive upon a believing servant (of Allah), if Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, inspires him to pray and plead before Allah for help, the diversion of misfortune from him will take place very shortly. Whenever a misfortune is to arrive upon a believing servant (of Allah) and he is held back from praying, that misfortune will be upon him for a lengthier period of time. Whenever a misfortune befalls you, you must pray and plead before Allah for help and appeal to Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, to move it away.’”
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Hisham ibn Salim from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Whoever prays and pleads before Allah for help before the fall of misfortune, his prayer is accepted when the misfortune arrives. The angels will say, ‘It is a known voice and it is not barred from heaven. ’ If one does not pray and plead before Allah for help before the fall of misfortune, his prayer will not be accepted when it falls upon him. The angels will say, ‘We do not know this voice.’”
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Sinan from ‘Anbasah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “If one fears the fall of a misfortune upon him and prays and pleads before Allah for help before its fall, Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, will never show him that misfortune.”
3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Isma’Il ibn Mehran from Mansur ibn Yunus from Harun ibn Kharijah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help in one’s enjoying well-being brings about (causes to happen) what one needs in the fall of misfortune.’”
4. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama’a who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Whoever likes his prayers answered in difficult times should pray when he enjoys well-being and comfort.’”
5. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from his father from ‘Ubayd Allah ibn Yahya from a man from ‘Abd al-Hamid ibn Ghawwas al-Ta’I from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “My grandfather would say, ‘You must pray and plead before Allah for help before the fall of misfortune; if a servant (of Allah) is prayerful and misfortune befalls him and he prays, it is then said, ‘It is a familiar voice,’ but if he does not pray and plead before Allah for help when misfortune befalls him, only then he prays, it then is asked, ‘Where have you been before this day?’”
6. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu’alla ibn Muhammad from al- Washsha’ from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) from abu al-Hassan al-Awwal (a.s.) who has said the following: “Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s.) would say, ‘Prayer and pleading before Allah for help after the fall of misfortune does not benefit one.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Sulaym al-Farra’ from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Whenever you pray and plead before Allah for help, consider that what you have asked for has arrived at the door.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Sayf ibn ‘ Amirah from Sulayman ibn ‘ Amr who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) saying, ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, does not accept an inattentive prayer. Whenever you may pray and plead before Allah for help, do it with an attentive heart and with certainty in its acceptance.’”
2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali ibn abu Talib (a.s.) has said, ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, does not accept the prayer from a thoughtless heart. Ali (a.s.) would say, ‘Whenever any of you may pray for a dead person, he must not do it frivolously but must strive to be serious in his prayer.’”
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from certain individuals of his people from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from Sulaym al-Farra’ from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Whenever you pray and plead before Allah for help, do it whole-heartedly and consider that what you have asked for has arrived at the door.’”
4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Isma’Il ibn Mehran from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from those whom he has mentioned (in his book) from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, does not accept a prayer coming superficially from a hardhearted attitude.’”
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn al-Hakam from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “When the Messenger of Allah prayed for rain, people were drenched so much that they thought they might be drowned and the Messenger of Allah made hand gestures to scatter the cloud, saying, ‘O Lord make it to rain around us, not on us.’ The Imam said, ‘The clouds scattered and people asked, “O Messenger of Allah, how is it that once you prayed for rain it did not rain, then you prayed for rain and it rained?” The Messenger of Allah said, ‘I prayed but 1 did not have much intention, then I prayed and I did.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Husayn ibn ‘Atiyyah from ‘Abd al-‘Aziz al-Tawil who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Whenever a servant (of Allah) prays and pleads before Allah for help, (the will of) Allah, the Most Blessed, the Most High, is in fulfilling his needs, provided he is not in (big) haste.’” Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Husayn ibn ‘Atiyyah from ‘Abd al-‘Aziz al-Tawil from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) a similar Hadith.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim and Hafs ibn al-Bakhtari and others from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “If a servant (of Allah) hastens in his prayer and stands up to do what he needs, Allah, the Most Blessed, the Most High, then asks, ‘Does My servant not know that I am Allah who fulfils the needs of people?”’
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Sayf ibn ‘ Amirah from Muhammad ibn Marwan from al-Walid ibn ‘Uqbah al-Hajari who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja’far (a.s.) saying, ‘By Allah, if a believing servant (of Allah) insists before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, on praying and pleading before Allah for help. He will fulfill his needs.’”
4. It is narrated from him (narrator of the Hadith above) from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Hajjal from Hassan from abu al-Sabbah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, dislikes people insisting before one another for help but He likes it before Himself. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, loves that one begs and requests help from Him.”
5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ الأحْمَسِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيهِ السَّلام) قَالَ لا وَالله لا يُلِحُّ عَبْدٌ عَلَى الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلا اسْتَجَابَ الله لَهُ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Husayn al-Ahmasi from a man from abu Ja’far (a.s.) who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far (a.s.) has said, ‘By Allah, if a man insists before Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, on praying and pleading for help. He will accept his prayers.’”
6. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari from ibn al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘May Allah grant favors upon a servant who requests help from Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, and insists on praying and pleading before Him for help, accepted or not. He then read this verse of the Holy Quran: “. . . I worship my Lord and hope that my prayers will not be ignored.’” (19:48)
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from abu ‘Abd Allah al-Farra’ from abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) who has said the following: “Allah, the Most Blessed, the Most High, knows what a servant wants when he prays and pleads before Him for help, but He loves that one’s needs are brought before Him in detail. Whenever you pray, name your request. ’ In another Hadith it is said, ‘Allah, the Most Blessed, the Most High, knows your needs and what you want, but He loves that you name (identify) in detail your needs before Him.’”
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from abu Hammam Isma’Il ibn Hammam from abu al-Hassan al-Rida (a.s.) who has said the following: “A servant’s praying and pleading before Allah for help, privately once, is equal to seventy such prayers in public.’ In another Hadith it is said: ‘A prayer that you (hide from people) is better before Allah than seventy prayers made in public.’”
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Yahya ibn Ibrahim ibn abu al-Belad from his father from Ziyad al- Shahham who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.) has said, ‘Seek prayer in four hours: at the time of the blowing of winds, at the time of vanishing of shadows, at the time of the coming of raindrops and at the time the first drop of the blood of a believing person murdered spills. At such times the doors of the heavens open up.’”
Sahih· al-Majlisi
Recueils sunnites : texte du jeu de données ouvert hadith-api. Al-Kafi : texte arabe, traduction de Muhammad Sarwar et authentifications de Thaqalayn.net via l'API Thaqalayn. La numérotation suit ces éditions et peut différer d'une copie imprimée — vérifiez l'arabe dans une édition de confiance avant de vous appuyer sur une référence.
