This is part 8 of 19 of “The Book of Prayer”, book 13 of Al-Kafi — Hadith 5,113–5,162. The book is long enough that it is split across 19 pages so each one stays quick to load; the parts run in order and are linked at the foot of the page.
25. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from af-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah from al-‘Ala’ from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about Tasbih. The Imam replied, T do not know of any Tasbih in a prescribed manner except Tasbih of Fatimah al-Zahra’, ‘Alayha al-Salam, and to say ten times after the morning, “No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah alone Who has no partner. To Him belongs the kingdom and He deserves all praise. He gives life and causes death, causes death and gives life. In His hand is all good and He has power over all things,” but one may say as many Tasbih as one likes.’”
26. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ‘Abd al-Malik al-Qummiy from Idris his brother who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘When you complete your Salah (prayer) say this. “O Lord, I follow Your religion in obedience to You under Your guardianship, the guardianship of Your messenger and the guardianship of ’A’immah, the first to the last Imam. . .” You should mention the name of each Imam. Then say, “O Lord, I follow Your religion in obedience to You and under their guardianship. I am happy for the excellence that You have granted them without being arrogant or assuming arrogance against what You have revealed in Your book in the form of that which is reached to us as well as what is not reached us. I believe, affirm and submit to such facts. I am happy with that with which You are happy, O Lord. I seek thereby Your happiness and the eternal living in the next life. I am fearful and I desire to be ( acceptable) before You. Give me life as long as You will with this (belief), cause me to die with it (belief) when You cause me to die and raise me when You raise me with it (belief). If I may have had shortcomings in the past, I repent before You and I desire to come before You for the bounties You own. I plead before You to protect me against disobedience to You and do not leave me to myself for a blinking of an eye as long as You keep me living, no less or more than such time. The soul motivates toward evil, except those whom You through Your mercy protect, 0 Most Merciful, Most Beneficent. I plead before You to protect me with (my) obedience to You until I die with it (belief in and obedience to You) when You are happy with me and make my life end up with salvation. Please do not ever turn me away from it (salvation); there is no power without You.”’”
27. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Aban from Muhammad al-Wasitiy who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘Do not go away before saying the following after every Salah (prayer). “I seek protection for myself and whatever my Lord has given me from Allah, the only One self-sufficient, who does not have any children, nor Himself is anyone’s child and there is no one like Him.” (Chapter 112 of Holy Quran) “I seek protection for myself and for whatever my Lord has given me from the Lord who has brought about the opening, against whatever evil He has created, against the evil of incoming darkness, the evil of those who perform magic and against the ill desires of envious ones.” (Chapter 113 of the Holy Quran). “I seek protection for myself and for whatever my Lord has given me with the Lord of the people, the owner of the people, the Lord of the people against the evil temptation of al-Khannas, who incites the heart of people, in the form of Jinn and man.’” (Chapter 114 of the Holy Quran).
28. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Mahziyar who has said the following: “Muhammad ibn Ibrahim wrote to abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘My master, if you deem it proper, teach me a prayer that I can read after every Salah (prayer) so Allah will grant me good, both in this and the next life.’ The Imam wrote to him, ’Say, O Lord, I seek refuge with Your gracious presence, Your unassailable majesty and Your unstoppable power, against the evil of this world as well as those in the next life and against the misfortune of all illnesses.” (The following chapters are best explained by fatwa.)
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from ibn Bukayr from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs obligatory Salah (prayer) but when he raises his head from the second Sajdah (prostration) of the fourth Rak’at his Wudu’ becomes invalid. He (the Imam) said, ’His Salah (prayer) is ended; what remains is Tashahhud (testimonies of belief). Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) is Sunnah (a tradition) in Salah (prayer). He takes wudu,’ returns to his place or a clean place to say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief).”’
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah who has said the following: “Wudu’ of a man may become invalid after he raises his head from the last Sajdah (prostration) before Tashahhud (testimonies of belief). Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ’He moves to take Wudu’ and if he wants to return to Masjid or if he wants in his house, sits down to say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and the phrase of offering greeting of peace. If his Wudu’ becomes invalid after Tashahhud (testimonies of belief), his Salah (prayer) is passed.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim ibn Hashim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about one who forgets the opening Takbir (Allah is great beyond description). He (the Imam) said, ‘He says it again.’”
2. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Fadalah from Aban from al-Fadl ibn ‘Abd al-Malik or ibn abu Ya‘fur who has said the following: “About a man who performs Salah (prayer) but forgets to say the opening Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) if Takbir (Allah is great beyond description) for Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) is sufficient. Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is not sufficient. He performs Salah (prayer) again when he finds out that he has not said the Takbir (Allah is great beyond description).”’
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya in a marfu‘ manner has narrated from the following: “Al-Rida, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘An Imam carries and sustains the conjectures of those who are behind him except the opening Takbir (Allah is great beyond description).”’
1. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Rib‘i ibn ‘Abd Allah from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ’Allah has made Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) and Sujud (prostrations) obligatory. Recitation is Sunnah. Whoever omits recitation willfully performs Salah (prayer) again. Whoever forgets recitation his Salah (prayer) is complete and he is not obligated for anything in this matter.’”
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad, from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir, from who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who forgets ‘Umm al-Quran (al- Fatihah). He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has not yet reached Ruku‘ position, he recites it again.’”
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Yunus ibn Ya‘qub from Mansur ibn Hazim who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I performed the obligatory Salah (prayer) but forgot the recitation in all of my Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) asked, ‘Did you complete Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) and Sujud (prostrations)?’ I replied, ‘Yes, I did so.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Your Salah (prayer) is complete if it was because of forgetfulness.’”
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from al-Husayn ibn ‘Uthman from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who in a standing position doubts and does not know if he has performed Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) or not. He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs Ruku‘ and Sajdah (prostration).”’
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Rifa‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who forgets performing Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees) until he performs Sajdah (prostration) and stands up. He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs Salah (prayer) again.’”
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has sad, ‘If one is certain that he has increased one Rak‘at in an obligatory Salah (prayer) he disregards it and performs that Salah (prayer) again if he has certainty.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, was asked about a man who becomes confused and does not know if he has done one or two Sajdah (prostrations). He (the Imam) said, ’He performs another Sajdah (prostration) and after completion of Salah (prayer) two Sajdah (prostration) because of mistake is not necessary.’”
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from abu Basir from who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who doubts and does not know if he has performed one or two Sajdah (prostrations). He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs Sajdah (prostration) to ascertain that it is two Sajdah (prostrations).”’
3. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr and Ali ibn Muhammad from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs one Rak’at of Salah (prayer), then he remembers in the second Rak’at in Ruku’ (bowing down on one’s knees) position that he has omitted one Sajdah (prostration) of the first Rak’at. He said, ‘Abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, would say that if you omit Sajdah (prostration) in the first Rak’at and do not know if it is one or two; perform Salah (prayer) again until it is correct to say that two Sajdah (prostrations) are performed.’”
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman al-Khazzaz from al-Mufaddal ibn Salih from Zayd al-Shahham who has said the following: “About a man who doubts and does not know if he has performed one or two Sajdah (prostrations), abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘He performs one more Sajdah (prostration).”’
1. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan and others have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from ibn Muskan from ‘Anbasah ibn Mus’ab who has said the following: “Once, abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said to me, ‘If you doubt in the first two Rak‘at, perform your Salah (prayer) again.”’
2. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Zur‘ah ibn Muhammad from Santa ‘ah who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one doubts in the first two Rak‘at of al-Dhuhr, al-‘Asr and al-‘Atmah and does not know he has performed one or two, he must perform his Salah (prayer) again.’”
3. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once said to one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘There is a man who does not know if he has performed one or two. He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs his Salah (prayer) again.’ I then asked, ‘There is a man who does not know if he has performed two or three. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he doubts after entering the third Rak‘at, he continues his Salah (prayer), then performs one more (Rak‘at); and he is not obligated for anything in this matter and he says the phrase of offering greeting of peace.’ I then asked, ‘One does not know if it is the second or fourth (Rak‘at).’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He says the phrase of offering greeting of peace and performs two Rak‘at, says the phrase of offering greeting of peace and he is not obligated for anything in this matter.’”
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ and al-Husayn ibn Muhammad from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, al-Rida, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, once said to me, ‘In the first two Rak‘at it is performing again and confusion in the second two Rak‘at (has remedies).”’
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from af-Fadf ibn Shadhan all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy and others who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If you doubt in al-Maghrib Salah (prayer) perform it again. If you doubt in the morning Salah (prayer) perform it again.’”
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad, from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs Salah (prayer) but does not know if he has performed one or two (Rak‘at). He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs it again to ascertain that he has completed it and so also is the case with Friday, al-Maghrib and Salah (prayer) on a journey.’”
3. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Sayf ibn ‘Amirah from abu Bakr al-Hadramiy who has said the following: “I once performed al-Maghrib Salah (prayer) with my people but after two Rak‘at I said the phrase of offering greeting of peace and someone from them said, ‘You performed only two Rak‘at.’ I performed it again. I then informed abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about it and he said, ‘Perhaps you performed it again.’ I said, ‘Yes, I did so.’ He (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) smiled and said, ‘You only had to stand up and perform one Rak‘at.’”
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from a man who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘There is no confusion (acceptable) in al-Maghrib and morning Salah (prayer).”’
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya and others has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah from al-Husayn ibn ‘Uthman from Sama‘ah from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs Salah (prayer) but does not know if he is in the third or fourth Rak‘at. He (the Imam) said, ‘It depends on what his guessing indicates. If he according to his guess thinks it is the third or fourth he accepts it along with his soul, then performs two Rak‘at in which he reads al-Fatihah al-Kitab only.”’
2. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by Ahmad ibn al-Husayn from Fadalah from al-Husayn ibn abu al-‘Ala’ who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one’s guess settles on his performing three or four Rak‘at, he says the phrase of offering greeting of peace, then performs two Rak‘at and four Sujud (prostrations) with al-Fatihah al-Kitab in a sitting position and says Tashahhud (testimonies of belief).”’
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked one of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man who performs Salah (prayer) but does not know if he is in the second or fourth Rak‘at but he knows that he has performed two Rak‘at. He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs two Rak‘at and four Sujud (prostrations). He does it in a standing position with al-Fatihah al-Kitab and Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and he is not obligated for anything in this matter. If he does not know he is in the third or fourth and if he has secured three Rak‘at, he stands up to perform one more Rak‘at and he is not obligated for anything in this matter. He does not destroy his certainty with doubt and doubt does not enter into certainty. No one of them mixes with the other but doubt is destroyed by certainty and he completes with certainty, based on certainty and does not depend on doubt in no condition whatsoever.’”
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from Yunus from ibn Muskan from ibn abu Ya‘fur who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who does not know if he has performed two Rak‘at or four. He (the Imam) said, ‘He says Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and the phrase of offering greeting of peace, then stands up to perform two Rak‘at and four Sujud (prostrations) in which he reads al-Fatihah al-Kitab, thereafter says Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and the phrase of offering greeting of peace. If he has, in fact, performed four Rak‘at, the two Rak‘at are optional; but if they were two Rak‘at, then these two Rak‘at complete the four, and if he has spoken something other than what is part of Salah (prayer) he performs two Sajdah (prostrations) because of mistake.’”
5. Hammad has narrated from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The case of doubt whether it is three or four or if it is two or four is of the same position. If one doubts and does not know if he has performed three or four and his doubt about both sides are equal’, he (the Imam) said, ‘Such person stands up and completes (Salah (prayer)). He then sits down, says Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and the phrase of offering greeting of peace then performs two Rak’ah and four Sujud (prostrations) in a sitting position. If his doubt has a greater side toward four, he says Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and the phrase of offering greeting of peace then reads al-Fatihah al-Kitab and performs Ruku’ (bowing down on one’s knees) and Sajdah (prostration) then reads and performs two Sajdah (prostration), says Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and the phrase of offering greeting of peace. If the greater side of his doubt is toward two Rak’ah, he stands up, performs two Rak’ah, says Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and the phrase of offering greeting of peace.’”
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abdullah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of one who performs Salah (prayer) and doubts if he has performed two or four Rak’ah, has said, ‘ He stands up and performs two Rak’ah in a standing position. He then says the phrase of offering greeting of peace, then performs two Rak’ah in a sitting position, and says the phrase of offering greeting of peace. If, in fact, they were four Rak’ah the two Rak’ah become optional; otherwise, they complete the four Rak’ah.’”
7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from af-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Aban from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Sayabah and abu al-‘Abbas who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abdullah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If you do not know whether you have performed three or four Rak’ah and your thought settles on three, then consider it three. If your thought settles on four, say Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) and end Salah (prayer). If your guess is equal; end Salah (prayer), then perform two Rak’ah in a sitting position.’”
8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abdullah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘ You may not know whether you have performed two or four Rak’ah and your guess about one side is not greater than the other side. You must say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace), then perform two Rak’ah and four Sujud (prostrations). Read in them ‘ Umm al-Quran, then say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace). If, in fact, you had performed two Rak’ah these two complete the four and if, in fact, you had performed four, these two become optional. If you do not know whether you have performed three or four Rak’ah and your guess about one side is not greater than the other; say Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace), then perform two Rak’ah in a sitting position. Read in them al-Fatihah al-Kitab. If your guess about three is greater, then perform the fourth Rak’ah. Do not perform two Sajdah (prostration) because of mistake. If your guess about four is greater; say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) then perform two Sajdah (prostration) because of mistake.’”
9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn Hadid from Jamil certain persons of our people who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abdullah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘ One may not know whether he has performed three or four and his guess about both sides is equal. (For such case) he (the narrator) has said that he (the Imam) said, ‘If his guess is equal about three and four, he has the choice to perform one Rak’ah standing or two Rak’ah in a sitting position and four Sujud (prostrations) in a sitting position.’ He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who does not know if he has performed two or four Rak’ah and his guess about four is greater or about two Rak‘at, he (the Imam) said that he performs two Rak‘at and four Sujud (prostrations). He (the Imam) said, ‘If your guess about two Rak‘at and four is equal, then this and the case of doubt about whether it is three or four Rak‘at is not the same.”’
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once heard abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘The Messenger of Allah has said, “If one of you doubts in his Salah (prayer) and does not know if he has increased or decreased, he performs two Sajdah (prostration) while sitting.” The Messenger of Allah has called it humiliating (Satan).’”
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah and ibn Bukayr ibn A’yan who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one of you is certain that he has increased something in his obligatory Salah (prayer) he does not depend on it and performs his Salah (prayer) again if he is certain of such increase.’”
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman from ‘Abd Allah ibn Sinan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If you do not know whether you have performed four or five; then perform two Sujud (prostrations) because of mistake after Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) and after the two Sujud (prostrations), say Salam.’”
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one knows the kind of mistake he has made and completes it then Sajdah (prostration) for mistake is not necessary for him. Sajdah (prostration) for mistake is upon one who does not know if he has increased or decreased something in Salah (prayer).”’
5. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Amir from Ali ibn Mahziyar from Fadalah ibn Ayyub from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from abu Basir from who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one increases something in his Salah (prayer) he performs it again.’”
6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Shu’ayb from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If you do not know whether you have performed five Rak‘at or four, perform two Sajdah (prostration) because of mistake after Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) in a sitting position and thereafter say Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace).”’
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah ibn Mehran who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one knows the kind of mistake he has made, he completes it, and Sajdah (prostration) for mistake is not necessary for him. The Messenger of Allah performed al-Dhuhr Salah (prayer) with people as two Rak‘at, then he mistakenly said Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace). Dhu al-Shamalayn asked him, “O Messenger of Allah, is anything revealed about Salah (prayer)?” The Messenger of Allah asked, “Why is that?” He said that it is because you performed two Rak‘at. The Messenger of Allah then asked others, “Do you also say what he says?” They replied, “Yes, he is right.” The Messenger of Allah stood up, completed Salah (prayer) with them and performed two Sajdah (prostration) with them because of mistake? He (the narrator) has said that I then asked, ‘What do you say about the case of one who performs two Rak‘at and thinks that it is four, then says Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) and moves away; then remembers after moving away that he has performed two Rak‘at? He (the Imam) said, ‘He performs it again from the beginning? He (the narrator) has said that he then asked, ‘Why did the Messenger of Allah not perform again? He only completed with them whatever remained of his Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is because the Messenger of Allah had not left his place. If one does not leave his place, he completes what is deficient of his Salah (prayer), provided, he has secured the first two Rak‘at?”
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar from Fudayl ibn Yasar who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who performs two Rak‘at obligatory, then forgets and stands up before sitting between them, has said, ‘He sits down until he has not assumed Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees). His Salah (prayer) is complete. If he does not remember until he assumes Ruku‘, he then continues and after Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) performs two Sajdah (prostration) because of mistake in a sitting position?”
3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Barqiy from Mansur ibn al-‘Abbas from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘id from al-Hassan ibn Sadaqah who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan al-Awwal, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Did the Messenger of Allah say Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) in the first two Rak‘at while his status was as it was? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, willed to give them (people) proper understanding?”
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il from al- Fadl ibn Shadhan all from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who speaks because of forgetfulness in Salah (prayer) saying, ‘Straighten your rows? He (the Imam) said, ‘He completes his Salah (prayer), then performs two Sajdah (prostration)? I then asked, ‘Are the two Sajdah (prostration) because of mistake after or before Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is afterward?”
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Hafabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘In the two Sajdah (prostration) because of mistake say, ‘In the name of Allah and with Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.’ Al-Halabiy has said that I heard him (the Imam) in another time say, ‘In the name of Allah and with Allah, O Holy prophet, Allah has granted you kindness and blessings.”’
6. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ali ibn al-Nu‘man from Sa‘id al-‘A’raj who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘The Messenger of Allah once said Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) in two Rak‘at and those behind him asked, “O Messenger of Allah, has something happened to Salah (prayer)?” The Messenger of Allah asked, “Why is that?” They replied, “You performed only two Rak‘at.” The Messenger of Allah then asked, “Was it so, O Dhu al- Yadayn?” - he was also called Dhu al-Shamalayn - He replied, “Yes, it was so.” The Messenger of Allah based his Salah (prayer) on that and completed it as four Rak‘at.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Allah made him to forget to grant and make it a mercy for the nation (his followers). Is it not true that if a man does so, he is reproached and is told that his Salah (prayer) is not accepted? If today someone experiences such condition he says that the Messenger of Allah has established a Sunnah (tradition) and it has become a guideline to follow. He (the Messenger of Allah) then performed two Sajdah (prostration) because of speaking.’”
7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If you stand up in the first two Rak‘at without saying Tashahhud (testimonies of belief), then remember before Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees), you must sit down. You must say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief). In case, if you do not remember until Ruku‘, then continue your Salah (prayer) as you are. When you end, perform two Sajdah (prostration) without Ruku‘, then say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) which you had missed.’”
8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam has stated this Hadith. He (the Imam) has said, ‘You may stand up in the two Rak‘at of al-Dhuhr or others without saying Tashahhud (testimonies of belief) and remember it in the third Rak‘at before Ruku‘ (bowing down on one’s knees), you must sit down, then say Tashahhud (testimonies of belief), then stand up and complete your Salah (prayer). In case, if you do not remember until Ruku‘, then continue your Salah (prayer) until the end. When you complete it, then perform two Sajdah (prostration) because of mistake after Salam (the phrase of offering greeting of peace) and before speaking.’”
Hasan· al-Majlisi
Sunni collections: text from the open hadith-api dataset. Al-Kafi: Arabic text, Muhammad Sarwar's translation and gradings from Thaqalayn.net via the Thaqalayn API. Hadith numbering follows those editions and can differ from a printed copy — check the Arabic against a trusted edition before relying on a reference.
