The Book of Zakat

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   2ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُثَنًّى عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ قَالَ أُعْطِي قَرَابَتِي زَكَاةَ مَالِي وَهُمْ لاَ يَعْرِفُونَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لاَ تُعْطِ الزَّكَاةَ إِلاَّ مُسْلِماً وَأَعْطِهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَ تَرَوْنَ أَنَّمَا فِي الْمَالِ الزَّكَاةُ وَحْدَهَا مَا فَرَضَ الله فِي الْمَالِ مِنْ غَيْرِ الزَّكَاةِ أَكْثَرُ تُعْطِي مِنْهُ الْقَرَابَةَ وَالْمُعْتَرِضَ لَكَ مِمَّنْ يَسْأَلُكَ فَتُعْطِيهِ مَا لَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ بِالنَّصْبِ فَإِذَا عَرَفْتَهُ بِالنَّصْبِ فَلاَ تُعْطِهِ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَخَافَ لِسَانَهُ فَتَشْتَرِيَ دِينَكَ وَعِرْضَكَ مِنْهُ.

   2. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Muthanna’ from abu Basir who has said the following: “Once someone asked him (the Imam) ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when I was hearing, saying, ‘Can I pay Zakat to my relatives and they do not know (this belief)? He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not pay Zakat to anyone who is not a Muslim, but give them from other things.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, then said, ‘Do you think that Allah has made just Zakat obligatory on one’s assets? In fact, other things that Allah has made obligatory on one’s assets are more than Zakat. You pay to relatives, to one who asks you and you pay as long as you do not know him to be hostile; but when you learn that he is hostile, then do not pay him anything unless you are afraid of his tongue, in which case you buy your religion and dignity from him.’”

   • Muwaththaq· al-Majlisi
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   3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الرِّضَا (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ لَهُ قَرَابَةٌ وَمَوَالِي وَأَتْبَاعٌ يُحِبُّونَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَلَيْسَ يَعْرِفُونَ صَاحِبَ هَذَا الأمْرِ أَ يُعْطَوْنَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ قَالَ لاَ.

   3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “I once asked al-Rida’, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who has relatives, friends and followers who love ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, but they do not acknowledge the owner of this issue (one who possesses Divine Authority) if he can give Zakat to them. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot give Zakat to them.’”

   • Hasan· al-Majlisi
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   4ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَكُونُ لَهُ الزَّكَاةُ وَلَهُ قَرَابَةٌ مُحْتَاجُونَ غَيْرُ عَارِفِينَ أَ يُعْطِيهِمْ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ لاَ وَلاَ كَرَامَةَ لاَ يَجْعَلُ الزَّكَاةَ وِقَايَةً لِمَالِهِ يُعْطِيهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ الزَّكَاةِ إِنْ أَرَادَ.

   4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Zur’ah ibn Muhammad from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who owes Zakat and has needy relatives who do not know (one who possesses Divine Authority). ‘Can he give Zakat to them?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot give them and it is not an honor. He must not make Zakat to guard his assets. He can give them from his other assets if he likes.’”

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   5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ خَمْسَةٌ لاَ يُعْطَوْنَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ شَيْئاً الأبُ وَالأمُّ وَالْوَلَدُ وَالْمَمْلُوكُ وَالْمَرْأَةُ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ عِيَالُهُ لاَزِمُونَ لَهُ.

   5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Zakat cannot be given to five kinds of people: father, mother, children, slaves, and one’s wife, because they are one’s dependents for whom one must provide sustenance.’”

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   6ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ عَنْ زَيْدٍ الشَّحَّامِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ فِي الزَّكَاةِ يُعْطَى مِنْهَا الأخُ وَالأخْتُ وَالْعَمُّ وَالْعَمَّةُ وَالْخَالُ وَالْخَالَةُ وَلاَ يُعْطَى الْجَدُّ وَلاَ الْجَدَّةُ.

   6. Ahmad ibn Idris and others have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from abu Jamilah from Zayd al-Shahham who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Zakat can be given to one’s brother, sister, uncle, aunt (paternal and maternal); but it cannot be given to grandfather and grandmother.’”

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   7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلٌ مِنْ مَوَالِيكَ لَهُ قَرَابَةٌ كُلُّهُمْ يَقُولُ بِكَ وَلَهُ زَكَاةٌ أَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُمْ جَمِيعَ زَكَاتِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

   7. Muhammad ibn Yahya and Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah have narrated from ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja‘far from Ahmad ibn Hamzah who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who is one of your followers whose relatives all speak of you and he owes Zakat; can he pay all of his Zakat to them. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’”

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   8ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَهْزِيَارَ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَضَعُ زَكَاتَهُ كُلَّهَا فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَهُمْ يَتَوَلَّوْنَكَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ.

   8. Muhammad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ali ibn Mahziyar from who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who pays all of his Zakat to his relatives who have accepted you as their Waliy (one who possesses Divine Authority). He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so.’”

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   9ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْقُمِّيِّ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الثَّالِثِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّ لِي وُلْداً رِجَالاً وَنِسَاءً أَ فَيَجُوزُ لِي أَنْ أُعْطِيَهُمْ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ شَيْئاً فَكَتَبَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّ ذَلِكَ جَائِزٌ لَكُمْ.

   9. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Imran ibn ’Isma‘il ibn ‘Imran al-Qummiy who has said the following: “I once wrote to abu al-Hassan, the third, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and asked, ‘I have children, men and women. Can I pay from Zakat anything to them?’ He (the Imam) wrote to me, ‘It is permissible for you.’”

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   10ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَزَّكٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الصَّادِقَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَدْفَعُ عُشْرَ مَالِي إِلَى وُلْدِ ابْنَتِي قَالَ نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ.

   10. Ahmad ibn Idris and others have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from certain persons of our people from Muhammad ibn Jazzak who has said the following: “I once asked al-Sadiq, abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Can I give one out of ten of my asset to the children of my daughter? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is not harmful.’”

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    1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْوَابِشِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى أَبَاهُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ زَكَاةِ مَالِهِ قَالَ اشْتَرَى خَيْرَ رَقَبَةٍ لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ.

    1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from abu Muhammad al-Wabishiy who has said the following: “Certain persons of our people asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who has purchased with money from Zakat of his assets his own father. He (the Imam) said, ‘He has purchased the best slave and it is not harmful.’”

    • Hasan· al-Majlisi
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    2ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَلَى أَبِيهِ دَيْنٌ وَلأَبِيهِ مَئُونَةٌ أَ يُعْطِي أَبَاهُ مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ يَقْضِي دَيْنَهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَمَنْ أَحَقُّ مِنْ أَبِيهِ.

    2. Rid has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man whose father is indebted and has certain expenses; if he can give his father from his Zakat to pay his debts. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, who is more deserving than his own father.’”

    • Hasan· al-Majlisi
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    3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلٌ حَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةُ وَمَاتَ أَبُوهُ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ أَ يُؤَدِّي زَكَاتَهُ فِي دَيْنِ أَبِيهِ وَلِلابْنِ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ أَبُوهُ أَوْرَثَهُ مَالاً ثُمَّ ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَيَقْضِيَهُ عَنْهُ قَضَاهُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمِيرَاثِ وَلَمْ يَقْضِهِ مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَوْرَثَهُ مَالاً لَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ أَحَقَّ بِزَكَاتِهِ مِنْ دَيْنِ أَبِيهِ فَإِذَا أَدَّاهَا فِي دَيْنِ أَبِيهِ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْحَالِ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْهُ.

    3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that there is a man whose father has died and he is indebted. Can he pay the debts on his father from Zakat he owes when the son has a great wealth? He (the Imam) said, ‘If his father has left a legacy for him and then it is found out that there are debts on his father that he did not know on that day, he pays the debts from the whole legacy, but he does not pay it from his Zakat. However, if he did not leave any legacy then no one is more deserving of his Zakat than the debts of his father. If he pays off the debts of his father in such case it is acceptable (as payment of Zakat).”’

    • Hasan· al-Majlisi
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    1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلٌ بَعَثَ بِزَكَاةِ مَالِهِ لِتُقْسَمَ فَضَاعَتْ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ ضَمَانُهَا حَتَّى تُقْسَمَ فَقَالَ إِذَا وَجَدَ لَهَا مَوْضِعاً فَلَمْ يَدْفَعْهَا فَهُوَ لَهَا ضَامِنٌ حَتَّى يَدْفَعَهَا وَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ لَهَا مَنْ يَدْفَعُهَا إِلَيْهِ فَبَعَثَ بِهَا إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ ضَمَانٌ لأَنَّهَا قَدْ خَرَجَتْ مِنْ يَدِهِ وَكَذَلِكَ الْوَصِيُّ الَّذِي يُوصَى إِلَيْهِ يَكُونُ ضَامِناً لِمَا دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ إِذَا وَجَدَ رَبَّهُ الَّذِي أُمِرَ بِدَفْعِهِ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ ضَمَانٌ.

    1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who sends his Zakat for distribution but it is lost. Is he held responsible until it is distributed? He (the Imam) said, ‘If he had found a proper beneficiary and did not pay, he is held responsible until he pays it; but if he did not find proper beneficiary thus, sent it for distribution, he is not held responsible because it was out of his hand. So also is the case of the executor of a will who is held responsible for what is given to him when he finds the one to whom he was told to deliver and if he does not find, it is not his responsibility.’”

    • Muwaththaq· al-Majlisi
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    2ـ حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا أَخْرَجَ الرَّجُلُ الزَّكَاةَ مِنْ مَالِهِ ثُمَّ سَمَّاهَا لِقَوْمٍ فَضَاعَتْ أَوْ أَرْسَلَ بِهَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَضَاعَتْ فَلاَ شَيْ‏ءَ عَلَيْهِ.

    2. Hammad ibn ‘Isa has narrated from Hariz from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one takes out his Zakat and assigns it to be paid to a people but it is lost, or he sends it to them and it is lost, he is not held responsible.’”

    • Hasan· al-Majlisi
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    3ـ حَرِيزٌ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِذَا أَخْرَجَهَا مِنْ مَالِهِ فَذَهَبَتْ وَلَمْ يُسَمِّهَا لأَحَدٍ فَقَدْ بَرِئَ مِنْهَا.

    3. Hariz has narrated from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one takes away Zakat from his assets but does not name the beneficiary and it is lost, he is free from his obligation.’”

    • Sahih· al-Majlisi
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    4ـ حَرِيزٌ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ أَخٌ لَهُ زَكَاتَهُ لِيَقْسِمَهَا فَضَاعَتْ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَى الرَّسُولِ وَلاَ عَلَى الْمُؤَدِّي ضَمَانٌ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَجِدْ لَهَا أَهْلاً فَفَسَدَتْ وَتَغَيَّرَتْ أَ يَضْمَنُهَا قَالَ لاَ وَلَكِنْ إِنْ عَرَفَ لَهَا أَهْلاً فَعَطِبَتْ أَوْ فَسَدَتْ فَهُوَ لَهَا ضَامِنٌ حَتَّى يُخْرِجَهَا.

    4. Hariz has narrated from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man whose brother sends his Zakat to distribute among beneficiaries but it is lost. He (the Imam) said, ‘The messenger is not responsible as well as the payer.’ I then asked, ‘If he does not find the beneficiary and it is spoiled or changed, is he responsible?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he is not responsible. However, if he knows a beneficiary for it and it is destroyed or damaged, then he is responsible until he pays it off.’”

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    5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَبْعَثُ بِزَكَاتِهِ فَتُسْرَقُ أَوْ تَضِيعُ قَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ.

    5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from Jamil ibn Salih from Bukayr ibn ’A‘yan who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who sends his Zakat but it is stolen or destroyed. He (the Imam) said, ‘He does not owe anything.’”

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    6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَمَّنْ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ دُرُسْتَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الزَّكَاةِ يَبْعَثُ بِهَا الرَّجُلُ إِلَى بَلَدٍ غَيْرِ بَلَدِهِ قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ الثُّلُثَ أَوِ الرُّبُعَ شَكَّ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ.

    6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from the one who reported to him from Durust from a man who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who sends his Zakat from one town to another town. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful to send one-third or one-fourth (uncertainty is from narrator).”’

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    7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي الرَّجُلِ يُعْطَى الزَّكَاةَ يَقْسِمُهَا أَ لَهُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ الشَّيْ‏ءَ مِنْهَا مِنَ الْبَلْدَةِ الَّتِي هُوَ فِيهَا إِلَى غَيْرِهَا قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ.

    7. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Hakam who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who gives Zakat for distribution, if he can take a certain amount to another place? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.”

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    8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ الْهَاشِمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَقْسِمُ صَدَقَةَ أَهْلِ الْبَوَادِي فِي أَهْلِ الْبَوَادِي وَصَدَقَةَ أَهْلِ الْحَضَرِ فِي أَهْلِ الْحَضَرِ وَلاَ يَقْسِمُهَا بَيْنَهُمْ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ إِنَّمَا يَقْسِمُهَا عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يَحْضُرُهُ مِنْهُمْ وَمَا يَرَى لَيْسَ فِي ذَلِكَ شَيْ‏ءٌ مُوَقَّتٌ.

    8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah from ‘Abd al-Karim ibn ‘Utbah af-Hashimiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the Messenger of Allah would distribute Zakat of the Bedouins among the Bedouins and Zakat of the town dwellers among the town dwellers. He would not distribute it among them in equal amounts, instead he would distribute it among those present without considering anything definite about it.’”

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    9ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ وُهَيْبِ بْنِ حَفْصٍ قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ فَأَتَاهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ إِلْيَاسَ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّ أَخِي بِحَلَبَ بَعَثَ إِلَيَّ بِمَالٍ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ أَقْسِمُهُ بِالْكُوفَةِ فَقُطِعَ عَلَيْهِ الطَّرِيقُ فَهَلْ عِنْدَكَ فِيهِ رِوَايَةٌ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ وَلَمْ أَظُنَّ أَنَّ أَحَداً يَسْأَلُنِي عَنْهَا أَبَداً فَقُلْتُ لأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ الرَّجُلُ يَبْعَثُ بِزَكَاتِهِ مِنْ أَرْضٍ إِلَى أَرْضٍ فَيُقْطَعُ عَلَيْهِ الطَّرِيقُ فَقَالَ قَدْ أَجْزَأَتْ عَنْهُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا لأَعَدْتُهَا.

    9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from Wuhayb ibn Hafs who has said the following: “Once we were with abu Basir when ‘Amr ibn ’Ilyas came to him and said, ‘O abu Muhammad, my brother from Halab has sent to me a certain amount of goods of Zakat so I distribute in al-Kufah, but it was looted on the way. Do you have any Hadith about it?’ He said, ‘Yes, I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about this issue and I did not think anyone would ever ask me about it. I said to abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, a man sends his Zakat from one land to another land and it is looted on the way. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is sufficient (as payment for Zakat) but if it was up to me I would pay it again.’”

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    10ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لاَ تَحِلُّ صَدَقَةُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ لِلأعْرَابِ وَلاَ صَدَقَةُ الأعْرَابِ لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ.

    10. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd Allah ibn Muskan from al- Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Zakat of immigrants (converts to piety and religion) is not lawful for Arabs and the charity (Zakat) of Arabs is not lawful for immigrants.’”

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    11ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ ضُرَيْسٍ قَالَ سَأَلَ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ لَنَا زَكَاةً نُخْرِجُهَا مِنْ أَمْوَالِنَا فَفِي مَنْ نَضَعُهَا فَقَالَ فِي أَهْلِ وَلاَيَتِكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي فِي بِلاَدٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَوْلِيَائِكَ فَقَالَ ابْعَثْ بِهَا إِلَى بَلَدِهِمْ تُدْفَعُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَلاَ تَدْفَعْهَا إِلَى قَوْمٍ إِنْ دَعَوْتَهُمْ غَداً إِلَى أَمْرِكَ لَمْ يُجِيبُوكَ وَكَانَ وَالله الذَّبْحُ.

    11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Yahya ibn ‘Imran from ibn Muskan from Durays who has said the following: “Once al-Mada’iniy asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and said, ‘There is Zakat on our assets. To whom should we pay it? He (the Imam) said, ‘Pay it to the people of your Wilayah, people who believe in (the Divine Authority of ’A’immah).’ He said, ‘There is no one of your followers.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Send it to where they are found. Do not give it to a people who will not accept your call if you will call them tomorrow. This by Allah is slaughter, (an expression of concern about enemies of ’A’immah).”

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    1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ أَبَانِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يُعْطَى الزَّكَاةَ يَقْسِمُهَا فِي أَصْحَابِهِ أَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْهَا شَيْئاً قَالَ نَعَمْ.

    1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from Sa‘id ibn Yasar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man to whom Zakat is given for distribution, if he can take a certain amount for himself. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, can do so.’”

    • Muwaththaq· al-Majlisi
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    2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي رَجُلٍ أُعْطِيَ مَالاً يُفَرِّقُهُ فِيمَنْ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً لِنَفْسِهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُسَمَّ لَهُ قَالَ يَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ لِنَفْسِهِ مِثْلَ مَا يُعْطِي غَيْرَهُ.

    2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from al-Husayn ibn ‘Uthman who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ibrahim, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man to whom Zakat is given for distribution among deserving beneficiaries, if he can take a certain amount for himself even though not anything is assigned for him. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can take for himself like what he gives to another person.”’

    • Sahih· al-Majlisi
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    3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ الدَّرَاهِمَ يَقْسِمُهَا وَيَضَعُهَا فِي مَوَاضِعِهَا وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ يَحِلُّ لَهُ الصَّدَقَةُ قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لِنَفْسِهِ كَمَا يُعْطِي غَيْرَهُ قَالَ وَلاَ يَجُوزُ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ إِذَا أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَضَعَهَا فِي مَوَاضِعَ مُسَمَّاةٍ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ.

    3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man to whom dirhams are given for distribution among deserving people and himself is a deserving person, if he can take a certain amount for himself. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful to take like what he gives to the other persons. However, it is not permissible for him to take for himself if he is instructed to give it to definite causes, unless with the permission of the donator.’”

    • Hasan or Muwaththaq· al-Majlisi
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    1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الرَّجُلُ الزَّكَاةَ فَهِيَ كَمَالِهِ يَصْنَعُ بِهَا مَا يَشَاءُ قَالَ وَقَالَ إِنَّ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَرَضَ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ فِي أَمْوَالِ الأغْنِيَاءِ فَرِيضَةً لاَ يُحْمَدُونَ إِلاَّ بِأَدَائِهَا وَهِيَ الزَّكَاةُ فَإِذَا هِيَ وَصَلَتْ إِلَى الْفَقِيرِ فَهِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ مَالِهِ يَصْنَعُ بِهَا مَا يَشَاءُ فَقُلْتُ يَتَزَوَّجُ بِهَا وَيَحُجُّ مِنْهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ هِيَ مَالُهُ قُلْتُ فَهَلْ يُؤْجَرُ الْفَقِيرُ إِذَا حَجَّ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ كَمَا يُؤْجَرُ الْغَنِيُّ صَاحِبُ الْمَالِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

    1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When a person receives Zakat it is like his own property and one can use it as one likes.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made a share in the wealth of the wealthy people obligatory for the needy. The affluent people are not appreciated until they pay it. That share is Zakat. Once it (Zakat) reaches in the hands of the needy, it then becomes like his own property and he uses it as he likes for marriage or Hajj. Yes, it is his property.’ I then asked, ‘Can a needy person who performs Hajj from Zakat receive the reward for Hajj as the wealthy person receives?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, the needy receive the same amount of reward.’”

    • Daif· al-Majlisi
28. 5917Al-KafiCopy

    2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِنَّ شَيْخاً مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا يُقَالُ لَهُ عُمَرُ سَأَلَ عِيسَى بْنَ أَعْيَنَ وَهُوَ مُحْتَاجٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى بْنُ أَعْيَنَ أَمَا إِنَّ عِنْدِي مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ وَلَكِنْ لاَ أُعْطِيكَ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ وَلِمَ فَقَالَ لأَنِّي رَأَيْتُكَ اشْتَرَيْتَ لَحْماً وَتَمْراً فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا رَبِحْتُ دِرْهَماً فَاشْتَرَيْتُ بِدَانِقَيْنِ لَحْماً وَبِدَانِقَيْنِ تَمْراً ثُمَّ وَرَجَعْتُ بِدَانِقَيْنِ لِحَاجَةٍ قَالَ فَوَضَعَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَدَهُ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى نَظَرَ فِي أَمْوَالِ الأغْنِيَاءِ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ فِي الْفُقَرَاءِ فَجَعَلَ فِي أَمْوَالِ الأغْنِيَاءِ مَا يَكْتَفُونَ بِهِ وَلَوْ لَمْ يَكْفِهِمْ لَزَادَهُمْ بَلْ يُعْطِيهِ مَا يَأْكُلُ وَيَشْرَبُ وَيَكْتَسِي وَيَتَزَوَّجُ وَيَتَصَدَّقُ وَيَحُجُّ.

    2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa’id from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from ‘Asem ibn Humayd from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that among our people there is a shaykh, called ‘Umar. He asked ‘Isa ibn ’A‘yan for help because he is needy. ‘Isa ibn ’A‘yan said to him, ‘There is Zakat with me, but I cannot give to you.’ He asked for reason. ‘Isa replied, ‘I saw you buying meat and dates.’ He said, ‘I had earned one dirham. With two daniq, I bought meat and with two daniq, I bought dates and I returned with two daniq for some other things that I needed.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al- Salam, placed his hand on his forehead for a while, then raised his head then said, ‘Allah, most Blessed, most High, looked at the wealth of the wealthy, then He looked at the poor people. He then assigned a share for the needy in the wealth of the wealthy, which will be sufficient for their needs. Had it (Zakat) not been sufficient (for the needs of the needy) He would have increased it. They (needy) must receive from Zakat what is sufficient for them to eat, drink, dress, marry, give charity and perform Hajj.’”

    • Sahih· al-Majlisi
29. 5918Al-KafiCopy

    3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَأَنَا جَالِسٌ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُعْطَى مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَأَجْمَعُهُ حَتَّى أَحُجَّ بِهِ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَأْجُرُ الله مَنْ يُعْطِيكَ.

    3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Once, a man asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when I was sitting, ‘I receive Zakat. Can I save it so I perform Hajj therewith? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so and Allah gives reward to one who gives you Zakat.’”

    • Hasan or Muwaththaq· al-Majlisi
30. 5919Al-KafiCopy

    1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الشَّعِيرِيِّ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلٌ يُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ مِنْ زَكَاةِ مَالِهِ يَحُجُّ بِهَا قَالَ مَالُ الزَّكَاةِ يُحَجُّ بِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ مُسْلِمٌ أَعْطَى رَجُلاً مُسْلِماً فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْتَاجاً فَلْيُعْطِهِ لِحَاجَتِهِ وَفَقْرِهِ وَلاَ يَقُولُ لَهُ حُجَّ بِهَا يَصْنَعُ بِهَا بَعْدُ مَا يَشَاءُ.

    1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from ’Isma‘il al- Ash’ariy from al-Hakam ibn ‘Utaybah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who gives Zakat to a man to perform Hajj. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is Zakat money and he performs Hajj!’ I then said, ‘It is a Muslim man who gives Zakat to a Muslim man.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If he is needy, Zakat must be given to him for his needs and poverty, and one must not say to him to perform Hajj. It is up to him to use as he likes.’”

    • Majhul· al-Majlisi
31. 5920Al-KafiCopy

    2ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَجْتَمِعُ عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ الْخَمْسُمِائَةِ وَالسِّتُّمِائَةِ يَشْتَرِي بِهَا نَسَمَةً وَيُعْتِقُهَا فَقَالَ إِذاً يَظْلِمَ قَوْماً آخَرِينَ حُقُوقَهُمْ ثُمَّ مَكَثَ مَلِيّاً ثُمَّ قَالَ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْداً مُسْلِماً فِي ضَرُورَةٍ فَيَشْتَرِيَهُ وَيُعْتِقَهُ.

    2. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from ‘Amr from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who saves from Zakat five hundred or six hundred to buy a slave and set him free. He (the Imam) said, ‘So he does injustice to another group of people.’ He (the Imam) remained quiet for a while, then said, ‘However, if the slave is a Muslim in great need, then he can buy and set him free.’”

    • Daif (per the well-known view)· al-Majlisi
32. 5921Al-KafiCopy

    3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ عَنْ مَرْوَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَخْرَجَ زَكَاةَ مَالِهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ مَوْضِعاً يَدْفَعُ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى مَمْلُوكٍ يُبَاعُ فِيمَنْ يُرِيدُهُ فَاشْتَرَاهُ بِتِلْكَ الألْفِ الدِّرْهَمِ الَّتِي أَخْرَجَهَا مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ فَأَعْتَقَهُ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّهُ لَمَّا أَنْ أُعْتِقَ وَصَارَ حُرّاً اتَّجَرَ وَاحْتَرَفَ وَأَصَابَ مَالاً ثُمَّ مَاتَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ فَمَنْ يَرِثُهُ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَارِثٌ قَالَ يَرِثُهُ الْفُقَرَاءُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَحِقُّونَ الزَّكَاةَ لأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا اشْتُرِيَ بِمَالِهِمْ.

    3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn Faddal, from Marwan ibn Muslim from ibn Bukayr from ’Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who wants to pay Zakat of his asset which is one thousand dirham but cannot find a deserving beneficiary. He then sees a slave for sale, buys him with those thousand dirhams, and sets him free. Was his act permissible? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is permissible and it is not harmful.’ I then said that when the slave is free he works in business and earns a great wealth; then he dies without anyone to inherit legally his legacy. Who will inherit his legacy? He (the Imam) said, ‘The poor believers who are deserving beneficiaries of Zakat inherit him, because he was bought with their asset.’”

    • Daif· al-Majlisi
33. 5922Al-KafiCopy

    1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ فَضَّالٍ وَالْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ قَرْضُ الْمُؤْمِنِ غَنِيمَةٌ وَتَعْجِيلُ أَجْرٍ إِنْ أَيْسَرَ قَضَاكَ وَإِنْ مَاتَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ احْتَسَبْتَ بِهِ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ.

    1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal and al-Hajjal from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from Ibrahim al-Sindiy from Yunus ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once heard abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ’Lending a loan to a believer is a great gain which hastens reward. If he earns, he pays you back; but if he dies before paying, you can count it as payment of Zakat.’”

    • Sahih· al-Majlisi
34. 5923Al-KafiCopy

    2ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ فُضَيْلٍ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ صَلَوَاتُ الله عَلَيْهِ يَقُولُ قَرْضُ الْمَالِ حِمَى الزَّكَاةِ.

    2. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from Muhammad ibn Ali from Muhammad ibn Fudayl from Musa ibn Bakr who has said the following: “Abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would say, ’Lending a loan is protection for Zakat.’”

    • Muwaththaq· al-Majlisi
35. 5924Al-KafiCopy

    3ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ النَّضْرِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شِمْرٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ مَنْ أَقْرَضَ رَجُلاً قَرْضاً إِلَى مَيْسَرَةٍ كَانَ مَالُهُ فِي زَكَاةٍ وَكَانَ هُوَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ مَعَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَهُ.

    3. Ahmad ibn Muhammad from has narrated from his father from Ahmad ibn al-Nadr from ‘Amr ibn Shimr from Jabir who has said the following: “If one lends a loan to a man until he becomes able to pay back, his (lender’s) money is in Zakat and he is in Salah (prayer) with the angels until the loan is paid back.’”

36. 5925Al-KafiCopy

    1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ شَاذَانَ جَمِيعاً عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ الأوَّلَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ دَيْنٍ لِي عَلَى قَوْمٍ قَدْ طَالَ حَبْسُهُ عِنْدَهُمْ لاَ يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى قَضَائِهِ وَهُمْ مُسْتَوْجِبُونَ لِلزَّكَاةِ هَلْ لِي أَنْ أَدَعَهُ وَأَحْتَسِبَ بِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ.

    1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from all from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, the first, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of my loan on a people, who have delayed payment for a long time. They are not able to pay and they are deserving beneficiaries of Zakat. Can I count it as payment of my Zakat? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so.’”

    • Hasan· al-Majlisi
37. 5926Al-KafiCopy

    2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ الدَّيْنُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ فَقِيرٍ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ الْفَقِيرُ عِنْدَهُ وَفَاءٌ بِمَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ دَيْنٍ مِنْ عَرْضٍ مِنْ دَارٍ أَوْ مَتَاعٍ مِنْ مَتَاعِ الْبَيْتِ أَوْ يُعَالِجُ عَمَلاً يَتَقَلَّبُ فِيهَا بِوَجْهِهِ فَهُوَ يَرْجُو أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ مَالَهُ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ دَيْنِهِ فَلاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُقَاصَّهُ بِمَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ أَوْ يَحْتَسِبَ بِهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَ الْفَقِيرِ وَفَاءٌ وَلاَ يَرْجُو أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً فَلْيُعْطِهِ مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ وَلاَ يُقَاصَّهُ بِشَيْ‏ءٍ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ.

    2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from his brother al-Hassan from Zur’ah ibn Muhammad from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man to whom another man owes a certain amount of loan who is poor to whom he wants to pay Zakat. He (the Imam) said, ‘The poor may have something in his possession or potentials, which is equal in value to the amount of loan, such as certain effects like a house, household effects or a certain work that he performs. He (the lender) can offset the amount of Zakat that he owes against the loan that the poor person owes to him. It is not harmful. However, the poor person may not have any of the things mentioned like a house, household effects or a certain work for which he receives payment. He (the lender) cannot offset the amount of Zakat that he owes against the loan that the poor person owes to him; instead the lender must pay Zakat to him and not offset anything.”’

38. 5927Al-KafiCopy

    1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلٌ فَرَّ بِمَالِهِ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَاشْتَرَى بِهِ أَرْضاً أَوْ دَاراً أَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ شَيْ‏ءٌ فَقَالَ لاَ وَلَوْ جَعَلَهُ حُلِيّاً أَوْ نُقَراً فَلاَ شَيْ‏ءَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ وَمَا مَنَعَ نَفْسَهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا مَنَعَ مِنْ حَقِّ الله بِأَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ.

    1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad from Hariz from ‘Umar ibn Yazid who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who runs away from paying Zakat by means of buying a piece of land or a house, if he still owes any Zakat. He (the Imam) said, ’No, he does not owe any Zakat even if he turns his asset into jewelries and silver; there is not anything on him. However, what he has denied his soul by the virtue of paying Zakat is much more than what he has saved by means of holding back the right of Allah that could have existed in his asset.”’

    • Sahih· al-Majlisi
39. 5928Al-KafiCopy

    1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْبَرْقِيِّ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الثَّانِي (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) هَلْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُخْرَجَ عَمَّا يَجِبُ فِي الْحَرْثِ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَمَا يَجِبُ عَلَى الذَّهَبِ دَرَاهِمُ بِقِيمَةِ مَا يَسْوَى أَمْ لاَ يَجُوزُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُخْرَجَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ مَا فِيهِ فَأَجَابَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَيُّمَا تَيَسَّرَ يُخْرَجُ.

    1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid al-Barqiy who has said the following: “I once wrote to abu al-Hassan, al-Thaniy, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and asked him (the Imam) if it is permissible to pay Zakat which is due on grains, like wheat and barley and on gold by means of dirham in equal value or is it necessary to pay from the same substance on which Zakat is due? He (the Imam) answered, ‘Whichever is available can be paid as Zakat.”’

    • Hasan· al-Majlisi
40. 5929Al-KafiCopy

    2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنِ الْعَمْرَكِيِّ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُعْطِي عَنْ زَكَاتِهِ مِنَ الدَّرَاهِمِ دَنَانِيرَ وَعَنِ الدَّنَانِيرِ دَرَاهِمَ بِالْقِيمَةِ أَ يَحِلُّ ذَلِكَ قَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ.

    2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy ibn Ali from ibn Ja‘far who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who pays Zakat due on dirham with dinar and Zakat which is due on dinar with dirham. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

    • Hasan· al-Majlisi
41. 5930Al-KafiCopy

    3ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ يَشْتَرِي الرَّجُلُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ الثِّيَابَ وَالسَّوِيقَ وَ الدَّقِيقَ وَالْبِطِّيخَ وَالْعِنَبَ فَيَقْسِمُهُ قَالَ لاَ يُعْطِيهِمْ إِلاَّ الدَّرَاهِمَ كَمَا أَمَرَ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى.

    3. Muhammad ibn abu ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr from Sa‘id ibn ‘Amr who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, if a man with Zakat (that he owes) can buy clothes, al-Sawiq (prepared food), flour, melons and grapes and distribute it among the deserving people. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot pay except by dirham which Allah, most Blessed, most High, has commanded.’”

    • Daif· al-Majlisi
42. 5931Al-KafiCopy

    1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ يَأْخُذُ الزَّكَاةَ صَاحِبُ السَّبْعِمِائَةِ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ غَيْرَهُ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ السَّبْعِمِائَةِ تَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الزَّكَاةُ قَالَ زَكَاتُهُ صَدَقَةٌ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ وَلاَ يَأْخُذُهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ إِذَا اعْتَمَدَ عَلَى السَّبْعِمِائَةِ أَنْفَدَهَا فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ سَنَةٍ فَهَذَا يَأْخُذُهَا وَلاَ تَحِلُّ الزَّكَاةُ لِمَنْ كَانَ مُحْتَرِفاً وَعِنْدَهُ مَا يَجِبُ فِيهِ الزَّكَاةُ.

    1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘One who has seven hundred has permission to receive Zakat if no one other than him can be found.’ I then asked, ‘Does the one who owns seven hundred owe Zakat? He (the Imam) said, ‘His Zakat is charity for his dependents and he must not receive charity (Zakat) except if he depends on seven hundred and it finishes before the end of the year, in which case he can accept charity (Zakat). Zakat is not lawful for one who has a profession or something on which Zakat is due.’”

    • Majhul· al-Majlisi
43. 5932Al-KafiCopy

    2ـ حَمَّادُ بْنُ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الله عَنْ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَعْيَنَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لاَ تَحِلُّ لِمُحْتَرِفٍ وَلاَ لِذِي مِرَّةٍ سَوِيٍّ قَوِيٍّ فَتَنَزَّهُوا عَنْهَا.

    2. Hammad ibn ‘Isa has narrated from Hariz ibn ‘Abd Allah from Zurarah ibn ’A‘yan who has said the following: “I once heard abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, saying, ‘Charity (Zakat) is not lawful for those who have an established profession or a resourceful one who is capable and strong, so keep yourselves clean from receiving charity (Zakat).”’

    • Daif (per the well-known view)· al-Majlisi
44. 5933Al-KafiCopy

    3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا لَهُ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ خَفَّافٌ وَلَهُ عِيَالٌ كَثِيرَةٌ أَ لَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ أَ يَرْبَحُ فِي دَرَاهِمِهِ مَا يَقُوتُ بِهِ عِيَالَهُ وَيَفْضُلُ قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ كَمْ يَفْضُلُ قُلْتُ لاَ أَدْرِي قَالَ إِنْ كَانَ يَفْضُلُ عَنِ الْقُوتِ مِقْدَارُ نِصْفِ الْقُوتِ فَلاَ يَأْخُذِ الزَّكَاةَ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ نِصْفِ الْقُوتِ أَخَذَ الزَّكَاةَ قُلْتُ فَعَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ زَكَاةٌ تَلْزَمُهُ قَالَ بَلَى قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ يُوَسِّعُ بِهَا عَلَى عِيَالِهِ فِي طَعَامِهِمْ وَشَرَابِهِمْ وَكِسْوَتِهِمْ وَإِنْ بَقِيَ مِنْهَا شَيْ‏ءٌ يُنَاوِلُهُ غَيْرَهُمْ وَمَا أَخَذَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَضَّهُ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ حَتَّى يُلْحِقَهُمْ بِالنَّاسِ.

    3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Bakr ibn Salih from al-Hassan ibn Ali from ’Isma‘il ibn ‘Abd al-‘Aziz from his father from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a certain person of our people who has eight hundred dirham, works with pumice, and has a large family to feed, if he can receive Zakat. He (the Imam) asked, ‘O abu Muhammad, can he earn with his dirham the expenses of his family with a certain amount of saving?’ I replied, ‘Yes, he does.’ He (the Imam) then asked, ‘How much does he save?’ I replied, ‘I do not know.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘If his saving amounts to half of his expenses, he cannot receive Zakat, but if it is less than half of his expenses, it is lawful for him to receive Zakat.’ I then asked, ‘Is there any Zakat on his assets?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, there is Zakat on his assets.’ I then asked, ‘How will he deal with it?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘With that he meets his expenses for his family, for their food, drink and clothes, and if anything remains he can give to others and what he receives from Zakat is to raise the standard of the living of his family.’”

    • Hasan· al-Majlisi
45. 5934Al-KafiCopy

    4ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الزَّكَاةِ هَلْ تَصْلُحُ لِصَاحِبِ الدَّارِ وَالْخَادِمِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ دَارُهُ دَارَ غَلَّةٍ فَيَخْرُجَ لَهُ مِنْ غَلَّتِهَا دَرَاهِمُ مَا يَكْفِيهِ لِنَفْسِهِ وَعِيَالِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنِ الْغَلَّةُ تَكْفِيهِ لِنَفْسِهِ وَعِيَالِهِ فِي طَعَامِهِمْ وَكِسْوَتِهِمْ وَحَاجَتِهِمْ مِنْ غَيْرِ إِسْرَافٍ فَقَدْ حَلَّتْ لَهُ الزَّكَاةُ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ غَلَّتُهَا تَكْفِيهِمْ فَلاَ.

    4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from his brother al-Hassan from Zur’ah ibn Muhammad from Santa ‘ah who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about Zakat if it can be paid to one who has a house and servants. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, unless his house is income-producing from which he earns dirham which is enough for his expenses and the expenses of his family. If such income is not enough for his expenses and the expenses of his family like food, clothes and their other needs without excessiveness; then Zakat is lawful for him, but if the income from the house is sufficient for their expenses, then Zakat is not lawful for him.’”

    • سكت عنه· al-Majlisi
46. 5935Al-KafiCopy

    5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الأوَّلِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ أَبُوهُ أَوْ عَمُّهُ أَوْ أَخُوهُ يَكْفِيهِ مَئُونَتَهُ أَ يَأْخُذُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ فَيَتَوَسَّعَ بِهِ إِنْ كَانُوا لاَ يُوَسِّعُونَ عَلَيْهِ فِي كُلِّ مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ.

    5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Safwan ibn Yahya from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn al-Hajjaj who has said the following: I once asked abu al-Hassan, the first, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man whose father or uncle or brother provides his expenses, if he can receive Zakat to facilitate himself further, in case they do not provide enough facilities in all the things that he needs? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’”

47. 5936Al-KafiCopy

    6ـ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ ثَلاَثُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ أَرْبَعُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَلَهُ عِيَالٌ وَهُوَ يَحْتَرِفُ فَلاَ يُصِيبُ نَفَقَتَهُ فِيهَا أَ يُكِبُّ فَيَأْكُلَهَا وَلاَ يَأْخُذَ الزَّكَاةَ أَوْ يَأْخُذُ الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ لاَ بَلْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى فَضْلِهَا فَيَقُوتُ بِهَا نَفْسَهُ وَمَنْ وَسِعَهُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ عِيَالِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الْبَقِيَّةَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ وَيَتَصَرَّفُ بِهَذِهِ لاَ يُنْفِقُهَا.

    6. From Safwan ibn Yahya has narrated from MtFawiyah ibn Wahab who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who has three hundred or four hundred dirham. He has a family to feed and has a profession that he practices but he cannot earn his expenses. Is he required to restrict himself within what he earns, and not to receive Zakat, or that he can receive Zakat also. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he must use the extra (profit from his dirham not the capital) for his expenses and his dependents and receive the deficit from Zakat, use dirham in business and must not spend it.’”

48. 5937Al-KafiCopy

    7ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ وَأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّهُمَا سُئِلاَ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ لَهُ دَارٌ وَخَادِمٌ أَوْ عَبْدٌ أَ يَقْبَلُ الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنَّ الدَّارَ وَالْخَادِمَ لَيْسَتَا بِمَالٍ.

    7. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah from more than one person who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, and abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, were asked if a man who has a house and servant can receive Zakat. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can receive Zakat, because house and servant are not wealth.’”

49. 5938Al-KafiCopy

    8ـ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلٌ لَهُ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَلابْنٍ لَهُ مِائَتَا دِرْهَمٍ وَلَهُ عَشْرٌ مِنَ الْعِيَالِ وَهُوَ يَقُوتُهُمْ فِيهَا قُوتاً شَدِيداً وَلَيْسَ لَهُ حِرْفَةٌ بِيَدِهِ وَإِنَّمَا يَسْتَبْضِعُهَا فَتَغِيبُ عَنْهُ الأشْهُرَ ثُمَّ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ فَضْلِهَا أَ تَرَى لَهُ إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الزَّكَاةُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ مَالِهِ فَيَعُودَ بِهَا عَلَى عِيَالِهِ يُسْبِغُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِهَا النَّفَقَةَ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَلَكِنْ يُخْرِجُ مِنْهَا الشَّيْ‏ءَ الدِّرْهَمَ.

    8. Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan ibn Yahya from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who has eight hundred dirham, his son has two hundred dirham. He has ten dependents to feed. He lives with difficulty and does not have any profession. He only uses his dirham as capital to earn his living. It remains idle for months. He uses his savings for his expenses. Do you consider it proper his taking from Zakat that he owes to spend and facilitate his dependents? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, he can do so, but he must take it in the form of dirham.’”

50. 5939Al-KafiCopy

    9ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ زُرْعَةَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَدْ تَحِلُّ الزَّكَاةُ لِصَاحِبِ السَّبْعِمِائَةِ وَتَحْرُمُ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الْخَمْسِينَ دِرْهَماً فَقُلْتُ لَهُ وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ هَذَا فَقَالَ إِذَا كَانَ صَاحِبُ السَّبْعِمِائَةِ لَهُ عِيَالٌ كَثِيرٌ فَلَوْ قَسَمَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ لَمْ تَكْفِهِ فَلْيُعِفَّ عَنْهَا نَفْسُهُ وَلْيَأْخُذْهَا لِعِيَالِهِ وَأَمَّا صَاحِبُ الْخَمْسِينَ فَإِنَّهُ يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا كَانَ وَحْدَهُ وَهُوَ مُحْتَرِفٌ يَعْمَلُ بِهَا وَهُوَ يُصِيبُ مِنْهَا مَا يَكْفِيهِ إِنْ شَاءَ الله.

    9. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from his brother al-Hassan from Zur’ah from Sanaa ‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Sometimes it is lawful for one who has seven hundred dirham to receive Zakat but it is unlawful for one who has fifty dirham.’ I then asked, ‘How can that happen?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Sometimes the owner of seven hundred may have a large family to feed and it is not enough for them, so he can exempt himself and receive Zakat for his family. Zakat can become unlawful for the owner of fifty if he is alone and has a profession. He works and earns enough, by the will of Allah.’”

Sunni collections: text from the open hadith-api dataset. Al-Kafi: Arabic text, Muhammad Sarwar's translation and gradings from Thaqalayn.net via the Thaqalayn API. Hadith numbering follows those editions and can differ from a printed copy — check the Arabic against a trusted edition before relying on a reference.