Ceci est la partie 7 sur 11 de « The Book of the Dying and Funerals (al-Jana'iz) », livre 12 de Al-Kafi — Hadith 4 520–4 569. Le livre est suffisamment long pour être divisé en 11 pages afin que chacune se charge rapidement ; les parties se suivent dans l'ordre et sont liées au bas de la page.
2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يُكْرَهُ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Um ay r from Hafs ibn al-Bakhtariy and others who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that it is undesirable for a man to enter the grave of his sons.”
3ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله أَتَى أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الْقَبْرَ فَأَرْخَى نَفْسَهُ فَقَعَدَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَحِمَكَ الله وَصَلَّى عَلَيْكَ وَلَمْ يَنْزِلْ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَقَالَ هَكَذَا فَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام).
3. Ali has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah from a man who has said the following: “When Isma’il, son of abu ‘Abd Allah, passed away, abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, went to the grave site, allowed his body to reach the ground, and said, ‘I pray to Allah to grant you mercy and favors.’ He did not enter the grave; and he said, ‘This is how the Holy Prophet did when Ibrahim died.’”
4ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَنِ الْقَبْرِ كَمْ يَدْخُلُهُ قَالَ ذَاكَ إِلَى الْوَلِيِّ إِنْ شَاءَ أَدْخَلَ وَتْراً وَإِنْ شَاءَ شَفْعاً.
4. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ‘Abd Allah al-Hajjal from Tha’labah ibn Maymun from Zurarah who has said the following: “I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘How many should enter a grave?’ He replied, ‘It is up to the guardian of the deceased. He may ask an odd or even number of people.’”
5ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ جَمِيعاً عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مَضَتِ السُّنَّةُ مِنْ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) أَنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لاَ يَدْخُلُ قَبْرَهَا إِلاَّ مَنْ كَانَ يَرَاهَا فِي حَيَاتِهَا.
5. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy from ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, who has said the following: “Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is of the Sunnah (tradition) of the Messenger of Allah that no one should enter the grave of a woman except those who could see her in her lifetime.’”
6ـ سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ الزَّوْجُ أَحَقُّ بِامْرَأَتِهِ حَتَّى يَضَعَهَا فِي قَبْرِهَا.
6. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Uramah from Ali ibn Maysarah from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that a husband is more rightful to place his wife in the grave.”
7ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْمِيثَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ رَاشِدٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) حِينَ مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُهُ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَأُنْزِلَ فِي قَبْرِهِ ثُمَّ رَمَى بِنَفْسِهِ عَلَى الأرْضِ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَكَذَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) بِإِبْرَاهِيمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِ وَالِدِهِ وَلاَ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِ وَلَدِهِ.
7. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad al-Kindiy from Ahmad ibn al-Hassan al-Mithamiy from Aban from ‘Abd Allah ibn Rashid who has said the following: “I was with abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when Isma’il, his son passed away. The dead body was brought down in the grave. Thereafter he (the Imam) allowed his body to reach the ground on the side of the grave facing the direction of Qiblah. Then he said, ‘This is how the Messenger of Allah did on the death of Ibrahim.’ He then said, ‘A man may enter the grave of his father but a father, should not enter the grave of his sons.’”
8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ رَاشِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله الْعَنْبَرِيِّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) الرَّجُلُ يَدْفِنُ ابْنَهُ قَالَ لاَ يَدْفِنُهُ فِي التُّرَابِ قَالَ قُلْتُ فَالابْنُ يَدْفِنُ أَبَاهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ لاَ بَأْسَ.
8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn al-Walid from Yahya ibn ‘Amr from ‘Abd Allah ibn Rashid from ‘Abd Allah al-‘Anbariy who has said the following: “Once I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Can a man bury his son?’ He replied, ‘He does not bury him in the soil.’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘Can a son bury his father?’ He replied, ‘Yes, there is no offense in it.’”
1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنِ الْحَلَبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ بِالْمَيِّتِ الْقَبْرَ فَسُلَّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ رِجْلَيْهِ فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَقُلْ بِسْمِ الله وَفِي سَبِيلِ الله وَعَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) اللهمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَقُلْ كَمَا قُلْتَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ عَلَيْهِ مَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً مِنْ عِنْدِ اللهمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مُحْسِناً فَزِدْ فِي إِحْسَانِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسِيئاً فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَارْحَمْهُ وَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) إِذَا أَدْخَلَ الْمَيِّتَ الْقَبْرَ قَالَ اللهمَّ جَافِ الأرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَصَاعِدْ عَمَلَهُ وَلَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that you should place a deceased, after his arrival near the grave, in it from the side where you intend to place his feet. When the deceased is placed in the grave, read Ayatu al-Kursiy and say, ’(I begin) in the name of Allah, in the way of Allah and on the path of the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, make his grave comfortably spacious and join him with his prophet, who with his family are ‘Alayhim al-Salam .’ Then say what you have just said in Salah (prayer) for the deceased only once nearby, ‘O Allah, if he is a person of good deed, increase his good deeds and if he is a person of bad deeds, please forgive him, have mercy on him and ignore his sins.’ You should ask forgiveness for him as much as possible. The Imam said, ‘Ali ibn al-Husayn, Alayhi al-Salam, at the time of placing a deceased in the grave would say, “O Allah make his place spacious on both sides, accept his good deeds and grant him happiness from Your side.’””
2ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ خَارِجَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا سَلَلْتَ الْمَيِّتَ فَقُلْ بِسْمِ الله وَبِالله وَعَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) اللهمَّ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ لاَ إِلَى عَذَابِكَ فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي اللَّحْدِ فَضَعْ يَدَكَ عَلَى أُذُنِهِ فَقُلِ الله رَبُّكَ وَالإِسْلاَمُ دِينُكَ وَمُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيُّكَ وَالْقُرْآنُ كِتَابُكَ وَعَلِيٌّ إِمَامُكَ.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id and Muhammad ibn Khalid, all from al-Nadr ibn al-Suwayd from Yahya ibn ‘Imran from Harun ibn Kharijah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said to say this, when you place a deceased in the grave, ‘(I begin) in the name of Allah, with Allah and on the path of the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, take him to Your mercy and not to Your punishment.’ Say, when the deceased is placed in the grave, with your hand on his ear, ‘Allah is your Lord, al-Islam is your religion, Muhammad is your prophet, Quran is your book and Ali is your Imam.’”
3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ فَقَالَ تَسُلُّهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ وَتُلْزِقُ الْقَبْرَ بِالأرْضِ إِلَى قَدْرِ أَرْبَعِ أَصَابِعَ مُفَرَّجَاتٍ وَتُرَبِّعُ قَبْرَهُ.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hassan ibn Mahbub from al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I asked one of the two Imam, Alayhim al-Salam, about a deceased. He said, ‘Place him in the grave from the side of the feet. Keep the grave above the ground by four open fingers and make it four cornered.’”
4ـ سَهْلُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلاَنَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سُلَّهُ سَلاًّ رَفِيقاً فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَهُ فِي لَحْدِهِ فَلْيَكُنْ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ مِمَّا يَلِي رَأْسَهُ لِيَذْكُرَ اسْمَ الله عَلَيْهِ وَيُصَلِّيَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَيَتَعَوَّذَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَلْيَقْرَأْ فَاتِحَةَ الْكِتَابِ وَالْمُعَوِّذَتَيْنِ وَقُلْ هُوَ الله أَحَدٌ وَآيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَإِنْ قَدَرَ أَنْ يَحْسِرَ عَنْ خَدِّهِ وَيُلْزِقَهُ بِالأرْضِ فَعَلَ وَيَشْهَدُ وَيَذْكُرُ مَا يَعْلَمُ حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ.
4. Sahl ibn Ziyad has narrated from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Muhammad ibn ‘Ajlan who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said to place a deceased gently in the grave. The person from the side of his head, when he is placed in the grave, should speak of the names of Allah. He should also say ‘Allahumma Salli ‘Ala Muhammad wa ‘Ali Muhammad (O Allah grant Muhammad and his family a compensation worthy of their serving Your cause).’ He should ask protection with Allah against Satan; read al-Fatihah al-Kitab, chapters 113, 114, 112 of the Holy Quran and Ayatu al-Kursiy. If possible, one should place the side of his face on the soil without covering, say the testimonies, and speak of Allah whatever he knows until he is in the presence of his guardian (Imam al-Mahdi).”
5ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ مَحْفُوظٍ الإِسْكَافِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَدْفِنَ الْمَيِّتَ فَلْيَكُنْ أَعْقَلُ مَنْ يَنْزِلُ فِي قَبْرِهِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَلْيَكْشِفْ خَدَّهُ الأيْمَنَ حَتَّى يُفْضِيَ بِهِ إِلَى الأرْضِ وَيُدْنِي فَمَهُ إِلَى سَمْعِهِ وَيَقُولُ اسْمَعْ افْهَمْ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ الله رَبُّكَ وَمُحَمَّدٌ نَبِيُّكَ وَالإِسْلاَمُ دِينُكَ وَفُلاَنٌ إِمَامُكَ اسْمَعْ وَافْهَمْ وَأَعِدْهَا عَلَيْهِ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ هَذَا التَّلْقِينَ.
5. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn Isma’il from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Mahfuz al- Iskaf who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the person nearest in kinship to the deceased should enter the grave for burial near his head, remove the shroud from the right side of his face, place it on earth, with his mouth near the ear of the deceased, say three times, ‘Listen and understand.’ Allah is your Lord, Muhammad is your prophet, al-Islam is your religion, so and so is your Imam. Listen and understand. He should repeat this dictation three times.’”
6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا وُضِعَ الْمَيِّتُ فِي لَحْدِهِ فَقُلْ بِسْمِ الله وَفِي سَبِيلِ الله وَعَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) عَبْدُكَ ابْنُ عَبْدِكَ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ اللهمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِنَبِيِّهِ اللهمَّ إِنَّا لاَ نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ خَيْراً وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ فَإِذَا وَضَعْتَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّبِنَ فَقُلِ اللهمَّ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ وَآنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَأَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ رَحْمَةً تُغْنِيهِ عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ فَإِذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنْ قَبْرِهِ فَقُلْ إِنَّا لله وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ وَالْحَمْدُ لله رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ اللهمَّ ارْفَعْ دَرَجَتَهُ فِي أَعْلَى عِلِّيِّينَ وَاخْلُفْ عَلَى عَقِبِهِ فِي الْغَابِرِينَ يَا رَبَّ الْعَالَمِينَ.
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim from one of the two Imam the following: “The Imam, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, said, ‘When a deceased is placed in the grave you should say, “(I begin) in the name of Allah, in the way of Allah and according to the traditions of the Messenger of Allah. (O Allah), this, Your servant, son of Your servant has become Your guest and You are the best host. O Allah, make his grave spacious and join him with his prophet. O Allah, all we know of him is good but You are more knowledgeable about him than we are.” When you place the slab, (to cover his grave) say, “O Allah, find connections for his loneliness and comfort for his dread. Settle with him from Your mercy a mercy that will suffice him of the mercy of those other than Yourself.” When coming out of the grave say, “We are for Allah and to Him we return. All praise belongs to Allah, Lord of the worlds. O Allah, raise his position in the highest of high places, make a successor among those whom he has left behind, who suffer grief, O Lord of the worlds.”’”
7ـ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادٍ عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ إِذَا وَضَعْتَ الْمَيِّتَ فِي لَحْدِهِ قَرَأْتَ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ وَاضْرِبْ يَدَكَ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ الأيْمَنِ ثُمَّ قُلْ يَا فُلاَنُ قُلْ رَضِيتُ بِالله رَبّاً وَبِالإِسْلاَمِ دِيناً وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) نَبِيّاً وَبِعَلِيٍّ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِمَاماً وَسَمِّ إِمَامَ زَمَانِهِ.
7. It is a narration from him (narrator of previous Hadith) by his father from Hammad from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, that when you place a deceased in his grave, read Ayatu al-Kursiy and hold his right shoulder with your hand, then say, ‘O so and so say, “I accept Allah as the Lord, al-Islam as the religion, Muhammad as the prophet and Ali as the Imam.” Then mention the Imam of his time.’””
8ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ جَمِيعاً عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) مَا أَقُولُ إِذَا أَدْخَلْتُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَّا قَبْرَهُ قَالَ قُلِ اللهمَّ هَذَا عَبْدُكَ فُلاَنٌ وَابْنُ عَبْدِكَ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ وَقَدِ احْتَاجَ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ اللهمَّ وَلاَ نَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ خَيْراً وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسَرِيرَتِهِ وَنَحْنُ الشُّهَدَاءُ بِعَلاَنِيَتِهِ اللهمَّ فَجَافِ الأرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَلَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَهُ وَاجْعَلْ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ خَيْرَ يَوْمٍ أَتَى عَلَيْهِ وَاجْعَلْ هَذَا الْقَبْرَ خَيْرَ بَيْتٍ نَزَلَ فِيهِ وَصَيِّرْهُ إِلَى خَيْرٍ مِمَّا كَانَ فِيهِ وَوَسِّعْ لَهُ فِي مَدْخَلِهِ وَآنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَاغْفِرْ ذَنْبَهُ وَلاَ تَحْرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ وَلاَ تُضِلَّنَا بَعْدَهُ.
8. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub from Sanaa ‘ah who has said the following: “I asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘What should we say when placing a deceased from us in the grave?’ He said to say, ‘O Allah, this is Your servant so and so son of Your servant who has become Your guest and You are the best host. He is in need of Your mercy. O Allah, all we know from him is good. You know his secrets. We are only witnesses about his appearances. O Allah, make the earth spacious on his both sides. Dictate to him the statement of authority (that he needs) and make this day the best of days that he has ever lived. Make this grave the best house where he has ever lived. Place him in the best of what he has ever experienced. Make his entrance spacious, comfort his dread, forgive his sins and do not deprive us of the reward (because of him) and do not make us to go astray thereafter.’”
9ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يُشَقُّ الْكَفَنُ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَأْسِ الْمَيِّتِ إِذَا أُدْخِلَ قَبْرَهُ.
9. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from more than one person of our people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that a shroud should be cut open from where the head of the deceased is when he is placed in the grave.”
10ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَيَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ سُلَّ الْمَيِّتَ سَلاًّ.
10. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from certain individuals of his people from Aban from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn Sayabah from abu ‘Abd Allah, who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You should place the deceased in the grave gently.’”
11ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا وَضَعْتَ الْمَيِّتَ فِي الْقَبْرِ قُلْتَ اللهمَّ هَذَا عَبْدُكَ وَابْنُ عَبْدِكَ وَابْنُ أَمَتِكَ نَزَلَ بِكَ وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْزُولٍ بِهِ فَإِذَا سَلَلْتَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ الرِّجْلَيْنِ وَدَلَّيْتَهُ قُلْتَ بِسْمِ الله وَبِالله وَعَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) اللهمَّ إِلَى رَحْمَتِكَ لاَ إِلَى عَذَابِكَ اللهمَّ افْسَحْ لَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَلَقِّنْهُ حُجَّتَهُ وَثَبِّتْهُ بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ وَقِنَا وَإِيَّاهُ عَذَابَ الْقَبْرِ وَإِذَا سَوَّيْتَ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ قُلِ اللهمَّ جَافِ الأرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَأَصْعِدْ رُوحَهُ إِلَى أَرْوَاحِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي عِلِّيِّينَ وَأَلْحِقْهُ بِالصَّالِحِينَ.
11. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you place a deceased in the grave say, ‘O Allah [this is] Your servant son of a male servant and a female servant who has become Your guest and You are the best host.’ When you send the body upward from where the feet are to be placed to the place for the head say, ‘(I begin) in the name of Allah, with Allah and according to the tradition of the Messenger of Allah. O Allah, (send him) to Your mercy but not to Your punishment. O Allah, make his grave spacious, dictate him the statement of his authority, make him steadfast upon the solid words, protect him and us against the torment of fire.’ When earth is leveled upon him say, ‘O Allah, make the earth spacious on his both sides. Raise his spirit toward the spirits of the believing people in the high places and join him with righteous ones.’”
1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاسَانِيِّ قَالَ كَتَبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ بِلاَلٍ إِلَى أَبِي الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّهُ رُبَّمَا مَاتَ الْمَيِّتُ عِنْدَنَا وَتَكُونُ الأرْضُ نَدِيَّةً فَنَفْرُشُ الْقَبْرَ بِالسَّاجِ أَوْ نُطْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ ذَلِكَ جَائِزٌ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Ali ibn Muhammad al-Qasaniy who has said the following: “Once Ali ibn Bilal wrote to abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the condition of a grave asking, ‘Someone may die in our area but the ground of the grave is wet.’ We pave it (the floor) with teak (wooden board) or cover it in this way, is this permissible? He (the Imam) wrote the answer, ‘It is permissible.’” H 4536, Ch. 64, h 2
2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي الْعَلاَءِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ أَلْقَى شُقْرَانُ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فِي قَبْرِهِ الْقَطِيفَةَ.
2. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from Husayn ibn ‘Uthman from ibn Muskan from Aban ibn Taghlib who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘Ali, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, placed bricks on the grave of the Holy prophet.’ I then asked, ‘If one places tiles on the grave is it harmful to the deceased?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘No, it is not harmful.’”
1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ مَا شَاءَ الله لاَ مَا شَاءَ النَّاسُ فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْقَبْرِ تَنَحَّى فَجَلَسَ فَلَمَّا أُدْخِلَ الْمَيِّتُ لَحْدَهُ قَامَ فَحَثَا عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ بِيَدِهِ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Dawud ibn al-Nu‘man who has said the following: “I heard abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘It is what Allah wills, not what people will.’ When he approached the grave, he kept to a side and sat down. When the deceased was placed in the grave, he stood up and filled three handfuls of soil in the grave, one at a time.”
2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِذَا حَثَوْتَ التُّرَابَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَقُلْ إِيمَاناً بِكَ وَتَصْدِيقاً بِبَعْثِكَ هَذَا مَا وَعَدَنَا الله وَرَسُولُهُ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) قَالَ وَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَقُولُ مَنْ حَثَا عَلَى مَيِّتٍ وَقَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَعْطَاهُ الله بِكُلِّ ذَرَّةٍ حَسَنَةً.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father, from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you fill soil in the grave of a deceased say, ‘(It is) out of faith in You (O Allah) and an acknowledgement of Your resurrection. This is what Allah and His Messenger have promised us.’ He (the Imam) said that Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘I heard the Messenger of Allah say, “Whoever fills soil in the grave of a deceased saying this expression, Allah grants him the reward of one good deed for each particle.’””
3ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنِ الْعَلاَءِ بْنِ رَزِينٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي جِنَازَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا فَلَمَّا أَنْ دَفَنُوهُ قَامَ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِلَى قَبْرِهِ فَحَثَا عَلَيْهِ مِمَّا يَلِي رَأْسَهُ ثَلاَثاً بِكَفِّهِ ثُمَّ بَسَطَ كَفَّهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللهمَّ جَافِ الأرْضَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْهِ وَأَصْعِدْ إِلَيْكَ رُوحَهُ وَلَقِّهِ مِنْكَ رِضْوَاناً وَأَسْكِنْ قَبْرَهُ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ مَا تُغْنِيهِ بِهِ عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ ثُمَّ مَضَى.
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from certain individuals of his people from ‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I was with abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, in a funeral procession for one of our companions. When they buried him, he (the Imam) stood up next to his grave, then filled soil toward his head, three handfuls. He then extended his palm over the grave, and then said, ‘O Allah make earth spacious on his both sides, raise his spirit to Yourself and grant him happiness from Your side and settle his grave with Your mercy so much so that it suffices him of the mercy of all things other than Your mercy,’ then he (the Imam) left.”
4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَطْرَحُ التُّرَابَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَيُمْسِكُهُ سَاعَةً فِي يَدِهِ ثُمَّ يَطْرَحُهُ وَلاَ يَزِيدُ عَلَى ثَلاَثَةِ أَكُفٍّ قَالَ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ يَا عُمَرُ كُنْتُ أَقُولُ إِيمَاناً بِكَ وَتَصْدِيقاً بِبَعْثِكَ هَذَا مَا وَعَدَ الله وَرَسُولُهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَسْلِيماً هَكَذَا كَانَ يَفْعَلُ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) وَبِهِ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ.
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Jamil ibn Darraj from ‘Umar ibn ’Udhaynah who has said the following: “I saw abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, fill soil in the grave of a deceased. He held it (soil) in his hand for a while then tossed it in the grave and did not do more than three handfuls. I asked him about it and he replied, ‘O ‘Umar I was saying, “It is out of faith in You (O Allah), and an acknowledgement of Your resurrecting (people). This is what Allah and His Messenger have promised us. Allah and His Messenger are truthful. This has only increased our faith and acceptance.” This is how the Messenger of Allah would do and thus it has become a tradition.’”
5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ مَاتَ لِبَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) وَلَدٌ فَحَضَرَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَلَمَّا أُلْحِدَ تَقَدَّمَ أَبُوهُ فَطَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ فَأَخَذَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) بِكَفَّيْهِ وَقَالَ لاَ تَطْرَحْ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْهُ ذَا رَحِمٍ فَلاَ يَطْرَحْ عَلَيْهِ التُّرَابَ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) نَهَى أَنْ يَطْرَحَ الْوَالِدُ أَوْ ذُو رَحِمٍ عَلَى مَيِّتِهِ التُّرَابَ فَقُلْنَا يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ الله أَ تَنْهَانَا عَنْ هَذَا وَحْدَهُ فَقَالَ أَنْهَاكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تَطْرَحُوا التُّرَابَ عَلَى ذَوِي أَرْحَامِكُمْ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُورِثُ الْقَسْوَةَ فِي الْقَلْبِ وَمَنْ قَسَا قَلْبُهُ بَعُدَ مِنْ رَبِّهِ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Ya‘qub ibn Yazid from Ali ibn Asbat from ‘Ubayd ibn Zurarah who has said the following: “A son of one of the companions of abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, died. Abu ‘Abd Allah attended the funeral. When the deceased was placed in the grave, his father went forward to toss soil into his grave. Abu ‘Abd Allah held his hand and said, ‘You must not toss soil on him. No one of his relatives should do so. The Messenger of Allah has prohibited a father and relatives to do so.’ We asked him (the Imam), ‘O son of the Messenger of Allah, do you prohibit in this case only?’ He replied, ‘I prohibit from tossing soil in the grave of your relatives; it causes hardheartedness and those suffering from hardheartedness are away from their Lord.’”
1ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ قُدَامَةَ بْنِ زَائِدَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) سَلَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ابْنَهُ سَلاًّ وَرَبَّعَ قَبْرَهُ.
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali from ibn Bukayr from Qudamah ibn Za’idah who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘The Messenger of Allah placed his son Ibrahim in a basket-shaped place in the grave and made the surface into a square shape.’”
2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ مَعَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ جَرِيدَةٌ رَطْبَةٌ وَيُرْفَعَ قَبْرُهُ مِنَ الأرْضِ قَدْرَ أَرْبَعِ أَصَابِعَ مَضْمُومَةٍ وَيُنْضَحَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءُ وَيُخَلَّى عَنْهُ.
2. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It is preferable to place two fresh twigs of palm tree with the deceased in the grave, raise the surface of the grave above ground by four inches, sprinkle water on it and then leave it alone.’”
3ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمَاعَةَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله قَالَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ وَضْعِ الرَّجُلِ يَدَهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ مَا هُوَ وَلِمَ صَنَعَ فَقَالَ صَنَعَهُ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) عَلَى ابْنِهِ بَعْدَ النَّضْحِ قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُهُ كَيْفَ أَضَعُ يَدِي عَلَى قُبُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى الأرْضِ وَوَضَعَهَا عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا وَهُوَ مُقَابِلُ الْقِبْلَةِ.
3. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad ibn Sama‘ah from more than one person from Aban from ‘Abd al- Rahman ibn abu ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about one’s placing his hand over the grave, its significance and why it is done. He (the Imam) said, ‘The Messenger of Allah had done so over the grave of his son after sprinkling water.’ He (the narrator) has said that I then asked, ‘How should I place my hand over the graves of the Muslims?’ He (the Imam) pointed with his hand, placed it on the ground, then raised it while he was facing al-Qiblah (al-Ka‘bah).’”
4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) يَصْنَعُ بِمَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ خَاصَّةً شَيْئاً لاَ يَصْنَعُهُ بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الْهَاشِمِيِّ وَنَضَحَ قَبْرَهُ بِالْمَاءِ وَضَعَ كَفَّهُ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ حَتَّى تُرَى أَصَابِعُهُ فِي الطِّينِ فَكَانَ الْغَرِيبُ يَقْدَمُ أَوِ الْمُسَافِرُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَيَرَى الْقَبْرَ الْجَدِيدَ عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ كَفِّ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَيَقُولُ مَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه).
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah from who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah would do something over the grave of the people from the tribe of banu Hashim and he would not do on other Muslims’ graves. After performing Salah (prayer) for a deceased from banu Hashim, sprinkling water over his grave, he would place his hand over the grave while his fingers pressed in the clay. Strangers or travelers who came in the town and saw a new grave with marks of the fingers of the Messenger of Allah on it could tell that someone from banu Hashim has died. They would ask, ‘Who from the family of Muhammad, O Allah grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has died?”’
5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ إِنَّ أَبِي قَالَ لِي ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فِي مَرَضِهِ يَا بُنَيَّ أَدْخِلْ أُنَاساً مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى أُشْهِدَهُمْ قَالَ فَأَدْخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ أُنَاساً مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا جَعْفَرُ إِذَا أَنَا مِتُّ فَغَسِّلْنِي وَكَفِّنِّي وَارْفَعْ قَبْرِي أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ وَرُشَّهُ بِالْمَاءِ فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا قُلْتُ يَا أَبَةِ لَوْ أَمَرْتَنِي بِهَذَا لَصَنَعْتُهُ وَلَمْ تُرِدْ أَنْ أُدْخِلَ عَلَيْكَ قَوْماً تُشْهِدُهُمْ فَقَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ لاَ تُنَازَعَ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad ibn ‘Isa who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One day my father during his illness said to me, ‘Son, call certain people from Quraysh and people of al-Madinah, so I can appoint them as witness.’ I then called a number of people. He said, ‘O Ja‘far, when I die, give Ghusl (bath) to me, place me in the shroud, raise the surface of my grave by four fingers above the ground and sprinkle water on it.’ When they left I asked, ‘Father, had you commanded me, I would have done all these things. Why did you decide to call these people to be witnesses?’ He said, ‘My son I did it so no one will raise any disputes against you.’”
6ـ عَلِيٌّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فِي رَشِّ الْمَاءِ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ قَالَ يَتَجَافَى عَنْهُ الْعَذَابُ مَا دَامَ النَّدَى فِي التُّرَابِ.
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “About spraying water on the grave abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Suffering is withdrawn from it as long as the moisture exists.’”
7ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ كَانَ رَشُّ الْقَبْرِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه).
7. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn Sinan from Talhah ibn Zayd who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that sprinkling water over a new grave was during the time of the Messenger of Allah.”
8ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنْ حَرِيزٍ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) إِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ فَانْضَحْهُ ثُمَّ ضَعْ يَدَكَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَتَغْمِزُ كَفَّكَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْدَ النَّضْحِ.
8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah from who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you complete the grave sprinkle water on it, then place your hand near the head of the deceased and depress your hand on it after sprinkling water.”’
9ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الله بْنِ عَجْلاَنَ قَالَ قَامَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) عَلَى قَبْرِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ فَقَالَ اللهمَّ صِلْ وَحْدَتَهُ وَ آنِسْ وَحْشَتَهُ وَأَسْكِنْ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِكَ مَا يَسْتَغْنِي بِهَا عَنْ رَحْمَةِ مَنْ سِوَاكَ.
9. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from more than one person from Aban from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Ajalan who has said the following: “Abu Ja’far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, stood on the grave of one of his followers and said, ‘O Lord, grant company in his loneliness, comfort his fear and settle down with him of your mercy that much which will make him free from want from others except yourself.’”
10ـ أَبَانٌ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يُدْعَى لِلْمَيِّتِ حِينَ يُدْخَلُ حُفْرَتَهُ وَيُرْفَعُ الْقَبْرُ فَوْقَ الأرْضِ أَرْبَعَ أَصَابِعَ.
10. Aban has narrated from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Prayers are said when a deceased is placed in his grave and the surface of the grave is raised above the ground by four fingers.’”
11ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي نَصْرٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّلاَّلُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الله قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ مَا عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَيِّتِ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَدْرَءُوا عَنْ مَيِّتِهِمْ لِقَاءَ مُنْكَرٍ وَنَكِيرٍ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ قَالَ إِذَا أُفْرِدَ الْمَيِّتُ فَلْيَتَخَلَّفْ عِنْدَهُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ فَيَضَعُ فَمَهُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ ثُمَّ يُنَادِي بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ يَا فُلاَنَ بْنَ فُلاَنٍ أَوْ يَا فُلاَنَةَ بِنْتَ فُلاَنٍ هَلْ أَنْتَ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ الَّذِي فَارَقْتَنَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّداً عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ سَيِّدُ النَّبِيِّينَ وَأَنَّ عَلِيّاً أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَسَيِّدُ الْوَصِيِّينَ وَأَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) حَقٌّ وَأَنَّ الْمَوْتَ حَقٌّ وَأَنَّ الْبَعْثَ حَقٌّ وَأَنَّ الله يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ مُنْكَرٌ لِنَكِيرٍ انْصَرِفْ بِنَا عَنْ هَذَا فَقَدْ لُقِّنَ حُجَّتَهُ.
11. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from certain persons of our people from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from ’Isma‘il who has that narrated to me abu al-Hassan al-Dallal from Yahya ibn ‘Abd Allah who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘It does not harm the family of a deceased among you to prevent his fear of meeting al-Munkar and al-Nakir (interrogating angels).’ I (the narrator) then asked, ‘How can they do so?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘When the deceased is left alone, the nearest relative is left behind near the deceased who places his mouth near the head of the deceased and calls loudly, ‘O so and so, son of so and so, or daughter of so and so, are you still true to the covenant (belief) with which you departed us. The testimony that states, ‘I testify that only Allah deserves worship, He is one and has no partners and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, master of the prophets. I testify that Ali is ’Amir al-Mu’minin (master of the believers) and master of the executors (of the wills of the prophets). I testify that whatever Muhammad, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has brought from Allah is all true, that death is a truth, resurrection is a truth and that Allah will raise everyone from the grave.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Al-Munkar then says to Nakir, ‘Allow us to turn away from him; his argument (authoritative statements of his belief) are dictated to him.’”
1ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لاَ تُطَيِّنُوا الْقَبْرَ مِنْ غَيْرِ طِينِهِ.
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from af-Nawfafiy from af-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘You must not apply clay to the grave which is not of the clay of that grave.’”
2ـ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ قَبْرُ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) مُحَصَّبٌ حَصْبَاءَ حَمْرَاءَ.
2. Humayd ibn Ziyad has narrated from al-Hassan ibn Muhammad from more than one person from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The grave of the Messenger of Allah is covered with red color pebbles.”
3ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ لَمَّا رَجَعَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) مِنْ بَغْدَادَ وَمَضَى إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مَاتَتْ لَهُ ابْنَةٌ بِفَيْدَ فَدَفَنَهَا وَأَمَرَ بَعْضَ مَوَالِيهِ أَنْ يُجَصِّصَ قَبْرَهَا وَيَكْتُبَ عَلَى لَوْحٍ اسْمَهَا وَيَجْعَلَهُ فِي الْقَبْرِ.
3. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad ibn Mahbub from Yunus ibn Ya’qub who has said the following: “When abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, returned from Baghdad to al-Madinah, one of his daughters died in Fayd. He (the Imam) buried her and commanded certain people of his followers to build her grave with lime, write her name on the tombstone and place it on the grave.”
4ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوْفَلِيِّ عَنِ السَّكُونِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) نَهَى أَنْ يُزَادَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ تُرَابٌ لَمْ يُخْرَجْ مِنْهُ.
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The Holy prophet prohibited adding of such soil into the grave which has not come from that grave.’”
1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى عَنِ ابْنِ مُسْكَانَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (عَلَيْهِما الْسَّلام) قَالَ مَنْ خُلِقَ مِنْ تُرْبَةٍ دُفِنَ فِيهَا.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ibn Muskan from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ’From whatever soil one is created in that soil one is buried also.’”
2ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي مِنْهَالٍ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) يَقُولُ إِنَّ النُّطْفَةَ إِذَا وَقَعَتْ فِي الرَّحِمِ بَعَثَ الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَلَكاً فَأَخَذَ مِنَ التُّرْبَةِ الَّتِي يُدْفَنُ فِيهَا فَمَاثَهَا فِي النُّطْفَةِ فَلاَ يَزَالُ قَلْبُهُ يَحِنُّ إِلَيْهَا حَتَّى يُدْفَنَ فِيهَا.
2. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Hajjal from ibn Bukayr from abu Minhal from al-Harith ibn al- Mughirah who has said the following: “I once heard abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘When al-Nutfah (seed, sperm) falls in the womb Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, sends an angel who takes from the soil in which he is to be buried and dissolves it into the al-Nutfah. His heart continues yearning for that place until he is buried therein.’”
1ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُذَافِرٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ لَيْسَ التَّعْزِيَةُ إِلاَّ عِنْدَ الْقَبْرِ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ لاَ يَحْدُثُ فِي الْمَيِّتِ حَدَثٌ فَيَسْمَعُونَ الصَّوْتَ.
1. A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn Isma’il from Muhammad ibn ‘Adhafir from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that condolence is offered only near the grave. Thereafter people should disperse so that if something should happen to the deceased no one can hear the voice.”
2ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ التَّعْزِيَةُ لأَهْلِ الْمُصِيبَةِ بَعْدَ مَا يُدْفَنُ.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that condolences should be offered to the people of the deceased after burial takes place.”
3ـ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الأشْعَرِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ عَنِ الْحَجَّالِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ لَيْسَ التَّعْزِيَةُ إِلاَّ عِنْدَ الْقَبْرِ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُونَ لاَ يَحْدُثُ فِي الْمَيِّتِ حَدَثٌ فَيَسْمَعُونَ الصَّوْتَ.
3. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from al-Hajjal from Ishaq ibn ‘Ammar (in a maqtu’ manner) who has said the following: “He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that condolences should be offered only near the grave. Thereafter people should return so that they cannot hear the voice if anything happens to the deceased.”
4ـ عِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ التَّعْزِيَةُ الْوَاجِبَةُ بَعْدَ الدَّفْنِ.
4. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from his father from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that the necessary condolence should be offered after burial takes place.”
5ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ لَمَّا مَاتَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) خَرَجَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) فَتَقَدَّمَ السَّرِيرَ بِلاَ حِذَاءٍ وَلاَ رِدَاءٍ.
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from al-Qasim ibn Muhammad from al-Husayn ibn ‘Uthman who has said the following: “When Ismai‘1 ibn abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, died, abu ‘Abd Allah walked to the coffin (stretcher) barefoot and without a gown.”
6ـ عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ الْمُصِيبَةِ أَنْ يَضَعَ رِدَاءَهُ حَتَّى يَعْلَمَ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ صَاحِبُ الْمُصِيبَةِ.
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that people of the deceased should remove their gowns. This can serve as a sign to show that they are of the people of the deceased.”
7ـ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ النَّخَّاسِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ عَزَّى أَبُو عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) رَجُلاً بِابْنٍ لَهُ فَقَالَ الله خَيْرٌ لابْنِكَ مِنْكَ وَثَوَابُ الله خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنِ ابْنِكَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهُ جَزَعُهُ بَعْدُ عَادَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَدْ مَاتَ رَسُولُ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَمَا لَكَ بِهِ أُسْوَةٌ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ كَانَ مُرَهَّقاً فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَمَامَهُ ثَلاَثَ خِصَالٍ شَهَادَةَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ الله وَرَحْمَةَ الله وَشَفَاعَةَ رَسُولِ الله (صلّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِه) فَلَنْ تَفُوتَهُ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ إِنْ شَاءَ الله.
7. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam, from Rifa‘ah al-Nakhkhas from a man who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, offered condolences to a man because of the death of his son, saying, ‘Allah is better for your son than you are, and the reward from Allah is better for you than your son.’ When he (Imam) heard him crying loudly, he returned to him saying, ‘The Messenger of Allah died. Is this not enough lesson for you?’ He said, ‘He (my son) was drunk.’ The Imam said, ‘There are three things before him: The testimony, “No one deserves to be worshipped except Allah, the mercy and kindness of Allah and the intercession of the Messenger of Allah.” Either one of these will save him, if Allah so will.’”
8ـ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سَعْدَانَ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ الله (عَلَيْهِ الْسَّلام) قَالَ يَنْبَغِي لِصَاحِبِ الْمُصِيبَةِ أَنْ لاَ يَلْبَسَ رِدَاءً وَأَنْ يَكُونَ فِي قَمِيصٍ حَتَّى يُعْرَفَ.
8. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn Ishaq from Sa‘dan ibn Muslim from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that people of the deceased should not wear their gowns. They should wear only shirts so people can recognize them.”
Recueils sunnites : texte du jeu de données ouvert hadith-api. Al-Kafi : texte arabe, traduction de Muhammad Sarwar et authentifications de Thaqalayn.net via l'API Thaqalayn. La numérotation suit ces éditions et peut différer d'une copie imprimée — vérifiez l'arabe dans une édition de confiance avant de vous appuyer sur une référence.
