Ceci est la partie 7 sur 7 de « The Book of Taharah (Purification) », livre 10 de Al-Kafi — Hadith 4 088–4 126. Le livre est suffisamment long pour être divisé en 7 pages afin que chacune se charge rapidement ; les parties se suivent dans l'ordre et sont liées au bas de la page.
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from ibn ’Udhaynah from Zurarah who has said the following: “One of the two Imam, ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘If during a journey water cannot be found, one must search for water as long as there is time; but when there is fear for losing time, one must then take Tayammum to perform Salah (prayer) during the end of time just before it totally ends. If later water is found, then one is not required to perform Salah (prayer) again; however, Wudu’ is necessary for future.’”
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘If means of cleansing (water for Ghusl (bath)) cannot be found after experiencing sexual relation, one must wipe one’s face with (soil for Tayammum) earth, then perform Salah (prayer). When water is found, Ghusl (bath) must be taken and Salah (prayer) so performed is sufficient.’”
4. Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Zurarah who has said the following: “I once asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, ‘Can one perform with a single Wudu’ the Salah (prayer) of a whole day and night? He (the Imam) said, ‘It is permissible as long as one has a valid Wudu’.’ I then asked, ‘Is it permissible in the case of one Tayammum also? He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is permissible as long as one has a valid Wudu’ and still has not found water.’ I then asked, ‘What is one’s duty if water is found or has hopes to be able to find other water and has a greater hope to find water when one would want but it then becomes difficult?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘In such case Wudu’ becomes invalid therefore; Tayammum must be taken again.’ I then asked, ‘What is the obligation if water is found when one is performing Salah (prayer)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It must be discontinued to take Wudu’ if one has not yet assumed the position of Ruku‘; once already in the position of Ruku‘, Salah (prayer) must be continued; Tayammum is one of the two forms of Taharat (cleansing).”’
5. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Asim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who cannot find water and with Tayammum begins to perform Salah (prayer); then the boy brings water for him. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he has not yet assumed the position of Ruku‘, he must discontinue his Salah (prayer) for Wudu’, but if he has already assumed Ruku‘ position, he must continue with his Salah (prayer).”’
6. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from Dawud al-Riqqiy who has said the following: “I once said to abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. ‘During a journey if I cannot find water when it is time of Salah (prayer); but it is said that water is nearby. Must I then search in the right and left directions when it is time for Salah (prayer)?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Do not search for water, instead take Tayammum; I fear you may remain behind your companions and you may get lost or be eaten by the beasts.’”
7. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Hakam from al-Husayn ibn abu af-‘Afa’ who has said the foflowing: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who passes by a well but does not have a bucket (to draw water). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not necessary for him to climb down the well; the Lord of water is the Lord the earth; he must take Tayammum.’”
8. Af-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from ai-Washsha’ from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from Ya’qub ibn Salim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who does not have any water (for Wudu’) during a journey, but there is water on the right or left side of the road at a distance of once or twice throwing of an arrow or so. He (the Imam) said, ‘I do not command him to mislead himself and then be endangered by the beasts or thieves.’”
9. Muhammad ibn ’Isma’il has narrated from al-Fadl ibn Shadhan from Safwan from Mansur ibn Hazim from ibn abu Ya’qub and ‘Anbasah ibn Mus’ab who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When you come to a well when you have experienced sexual relation and cannot find a bucket or other means to draw water, you must take Tayammum with soil; the Lord of water and the Lord of the soil is one. Do not climb down the well and destroy people’s water.’”
10. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Isa from ibn Muskan from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who during a journey had a certain amount of water but forgot all about it, and with Tayammum performed Salah (prayer). Then he remembered that there was water with him and still there is time for Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘He must take Wudu’ and perform Salah (prayer) again.’ I (the narrator) then asked him (the Imam) if Tayammum for one experiencing Hayd (menses) and sexual relation who cannot find water is the same. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it is the same.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ’Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah from ibn Sinan who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who, during a journey, experiences sexual relation but does not have any water with him except very little and is afraid of facing thirst if it is used for Ghusl (bath). He (the Imam) said, ‘If he is afraid of facing thirst, he must spill not even one drop; he must take Tayammum with soil; soil is more dear to me”
2. Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla’ ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from ibn abu Ya‘fur who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who experiences sexual relation and has enough water only for his drinking needs; must he take Tayammum or Wudu’? He (the Imam) said, ‘Tayammum is better. You should understand the fact that the task of cleansing is made only half as much in his favor.’”
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn Humran and Jamil who have said the following: “Once we asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of the Imam of a people during a journey who experiences sexual relation and does not have enough water for Ghusl (bath). Can another person from among them take Wudu’ and lead them in Salah (prayer)? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, they cannot do so; however, he must take Tayammum and lead them in Salah (prayer); Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has made the soil purifying.’”
4. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Abd Allah ibn al-Mughirah who has said the following: “(Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam ) has said, ‘If the ground is wet and dry soil or water is not available you must look for an area which is the most dry of the others, take Tayammum with dust thereof or something with dust on it. If you can find nothing else other than clay, then it is not harmful to take Tayammum therewith.’”
1. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad all from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Hariz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who experiences sexual relation during a journey and cannot find anything other than snow or ice. He (the Imam) said, ’This is like an emergency case and he must take Tayammum. I do not consider it proper for him to return to such land which ruins his religion.’”
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father in a marfu‘ manner the following: “(He (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If he experiences sexual relation, he must take Ghusl (bath), but if it is a wet dream, he must take Tayammum.’”
3. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-Husayn from Ja‘far ibn Bashir from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “I once asked abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of one who experiences sexual relation during a cold night and is afraid for his life due to Ghusl (bath) because of cold. He (the Imam) said, ‘One must take Tayammum to perform Salah (prayer) and when safe from cold, take Ghusl (bath) and perform such Salah (prayer) again.’”
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ’Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘In a condition where you cannot find anything other than clay, take Tayammum with it; Allah accepts one’s inabilities. So also is the case if you do not have any dry clothes or bricks from which dust can be collected for Tayammum.’” In another Hadith it is said that soil is fine and water is purifying.”
1. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from abu Ayyub al-Khazzaz from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “I once asked Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man on whose body there are dimples or wounds and experiences sexual relation. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful if one does not take Ghusl (bath) in such condition, instead takes Tayammum.’’’
2. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from certain persons of his people who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘One with smallpox or broken bones has permission to take Tayammum with soil after experiencing sexual relation.”’
3. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from Muhammad ibn Ali from Ahmad who in a marfu‘ manner has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about one with a condition of smallpox who experiences sexual relation. He (the Imam) said, ‘If one has experienced sexual relation, he must take Ghusl (bath), but if it is wet dream, there is Tayammum for it.’”
4. Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Bakr ibn Salih and ibn Faddal from ‘Abd Allah ibn Ibrahim al-Ghifariy from Ja‘far ibn Ibrahim al-Ja‘fariy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that once the case of a man on whose body there was a wound and had experienced sexual relation was mentioned before the Holy prophet and that they compelled him to take Ghusl (bath). It shriveled him with complications, which caused his death. The Messenger of Allah said, ‘They killed him, may Allah cause them to die. Only asking is medicine for ignorance.’”
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Muhammad ibn Sukayn and others who has said the following: “It was said to abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, that so and so had smallpox and had experienced sexual relation. They gave him Ghusl (bath) which caused him to die. He (the Imam) said, ‘They killed him. Why did they not ask about giving him Tayammum? Only asking is medicine for ignorance.’” It applies also to one with broken bones and internal illness (causing discharge from the buttocks) who must do Tayammum instead of Ghusl (bath).
1. Ali ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Ibrahim ibn Ishaq al-Ahmar from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-Washsha’ who has said the following: “Once I visited Ali al-Rida, ‘Alayhi al-Salam. There was a water jug in front of him and he was about to take Wudu’ for Salah (prayer). I went closer to pour water to help him to take Wudu’. He said, ‘Hold it, O Hassan.’ I then asked, ‘Why do you stop me from pouring water so you take Wudu’ and I can receive rewards for it?’ He replied, ‘You will receive rewards, but I will be burdened.’ I then asked, ‘How can that happen?’ He replied, ‘Have you not heard the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, “Those who wish to meet (receive mercy from) their Lord should do good deeds and not allow anyone else to share in (their) worshipping their Lord.” (18:110) I am about to take Wudu’ for Salah (prayer). I do not want anyone to share with me my act of worship.’”
2. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ariy from al-Qaddah from abu ‘Abd Allah, who has said the following: “The Messenger of Allah has said, ‘Wudu’ is the opening of Salah (prayer), Takbir marks the field of Salah (prayer) and Taslim marks the end of the field of Salah (prayer).”’
3. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Salih ibn al-Sindiy from Ja‘far ibn Bashir from Sabah al-Hadhdh’a from abu ‘Usamah who has said the following: “Once I was in the presence of abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, when a man of the followers of al- Mughirah asked him about matters of tradition (the Sunnah). The Imam replied, ‘There a tradition is set about everything that a son of Adam may need from Allah and His Messenger. There are those who have recognized such traditions and there are those who have rejected them.’ The man then asked, ‘What is the tradition about using the restroom?’ The Imam replied, ‘Speak of Allah and seek protection with Allah against Satan, the one condemned to be stoned. When you finish using a restroom you should say this. “All praise belongs to Allah who has relieved me of the discomfort with ease and good health.’” The man then asked, ‘Should one say such expressions in such a condition before looking back at what has come out?’ The Imam replied, ‘To every man on earth there are two angels assigned. When he is in such a condition, they bend his neck down saying, “O son of Adam, look down to the thing for which you have been struggling, into what kind of thing it has turned.’””
4. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Salmah ibn al-Khattab from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Thaqafiy from Ali ibn al-Mu‘alla’ from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Humran who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘For taking Wudu’, then using a towel, one gains a good deed. Instead of using a towel if one allows the moisture from Wudu’ to dry up, one gains thirty good deeds.”
5. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ‘Amr ibn ‘Uthman from Jarrah al-Hadhdha’ from Sama‘ah ibn Mehran who has said the following. “Abu al-Hassan, Musa, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one takes Wudu’ for Maghrib Salah (prayer), this Wudu’ is expiation for the sins committed during the day that has just passed, except the major sins. If one takes Wudu’ for morning Salah (prayer), this Wudu’ is expiation for the sins committed during the night that has just passed, except the major sins.’”
6. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Qasim af-Khazzaz, from ’Abd af-Rahman ibn Kathir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that once, ’Amir al-Mu’minin, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, while Muhammad, his son was present, asked him to bring water for Wudu’. He brought water and he (’Amir al-Mu’minin) poured with his right hand onto his left hand and said, ‘All praise belongs to Allah who has made water purifying and has not made it impure.’ He then used water to clean his private parts and said, ‘O Lord, protect my private parts and keep them chaste, cover the parts of my body to be concealed and save them from the fire.’ He then cleansed his nostrils and said, ‘O Lord, do not deprive me of the fragrance of paradise; make me of those who enjoy the fragrance, goodness and delight of paradise.’ He then rinsed his mouth and said, ‘O Lord, allow my tongue to speak of You and make me of those with whom You are happy.’ He then washed his face and said, ‘O Lord, make my face white on the Day when faces turn black and do not make my face black on the Day when faces turn white.’ He then washed his right hand and said, ‘O Lord, please give the book of the record of my deeds in my right hand and eternity in my left hand.’ He then washed his left hand and said, ‘O Lord, do not give the book of the record of my deeds in my left hand and do not chain it to my neck. I seek protection with You against the cutting sections of hell.’ He then wiped his head and said, ‘O Lord, cover me up with Your mercy, blessings and forgiveness.’ He then wiped his feet and said, ‘O Lord, keep my foot firm on the bridge on the Day when feet slip and make my deeds gain Your happiness in my favor.’ He then turned to Muhammad and said, ‘O Muhammad, if one takes Wudu’ the way I did and says what I said, Allah creates from every drop of water an angel who glorifies, says Tasbih, Takbir and Tahlil of Allah and the reward for this is written in favor of the person taking Wudu’.’”
7. A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Mahbub from ibn Ri’ab from Muhammad ibn Qays who has said the following: “I heard abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say while speaking to people in Makkah, ‘One day the Messenger of Allah completed his Salah (prayer) of the morning and sat in the Masjid with his companions until sunrise. Thereafter, people one by one left the Masjid except two men, one from the people of Ansar and the other from Thaqif. The Messenger of Allah then said to them, “I understand you need to ask me questions. You may ask if you like and I will answer. If you like, I can tell you what your questions are before you ask. If you wish, you may ask me.” They said, “Please inform us before we ask you our questions; it is more enlightening, frees us from doubts and strengthens our belief more.” The Messenger of Allah then said, “You, gentleman from Thaqif, have come to ask me about your Wudu’ and Salah (prayer) regarding what is good for you in them. You should keep in mind that when you place your hand in your water container and say ‘In the name of Allah’ the sins that your hands may have committed scatter away from you. The sins that your eyes and mouth may have committed scatter away from you when you wash your face. When you wash your arms to your elbows, the sins from your left and right scatter away from you. When you wipe your head and feet the sins into which you may have walked scatter away from you. This is what you gain from your Wudu’.’””
8. Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from al-Nawfaliy from al-Sakuniy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘Wudu’ is part of belief.’”
9. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from certain persons of our people from ’Isma‘il ibn Mehran from Sabbah al-ffadhdha’ from Sama‘ah who has said the following: “I once was in the presence of abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, and he (the Imam) performed al-Dhuhr and al-‘Asr Salah (prayer) before me. I remained in his presence until al-Maghrib. He (the Imam) asked for Wudu’ (water) and he took Wudu’ for al-Maghrib Salah (prayer), then said to me, ‘You need to take Wudu’. 5 I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, my Wudu’ is still valid.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Even so you should take Wudu’; to those who take Wudu’ for al-Maghrib it serves as expiation for the sins that they may have done during that day except the major sins. Taking Wudu’ in the morning serves as expiation for the sins that one had committed during the night before except the major sins.’”
10. Muhammad ibn Yahya and Ahmad ibn Idris have narrated from Ahmad ibn Ishaq from Sa‘dan from certain persons of his people who have said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘For having al-Tuhr (cleansing) over al-Tuhr one receives a reward for ten good deeds.”’
11. Muhammad ibn al-Hassan and others have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad through the chain of his narrators who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘When anyone of you completes his Wudu’, he must take water in his palm and wipe with it his back; it will free his neck from the fire.’” (This perhaps is because of Taqiyah)
12. Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who takes Wudu’ with water of roses for Salah (prayer). He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful.’” (Fatwa best explains this Hadith.)
13. Abu Ali al-Ash’ariy has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from Safwan from ‘Abd al-Wahhab from Muhammad ibn abu Hamzah from Hisham ibn Salim from ’Isma‘il al-Ju’fiy who has said the following: “I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about touching the bones of a dead person. He (the Imam) said, ‘If it is after one year, it is not harmful.’”
14. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated in a marfu‘ manner from abu Hamzah who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘If one sleeps in Masjid al-Haram or Masjid of the Messenger of Allah and experiences wet dream, one must take Tayammum and must not pass through the Masjid without Tayammum until one is out of the Masjid, then take Ghusl (bath). This applies to one experiencing Hayd (menses) also and she must take Tayammum as mentioned. In the case of other Masjid, passing through them in such conditions is permissible but such people must not sit in them with such conditions.’”
15. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Wuhayb ibn Hafs from abu Basir who has said the following: “I once asked him (the Imam), ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of a snake that enters in a Hub (large water container) which has water in it and then comes out. He (the Imam) said, ‘If one can find other water it should be spilled away.’”
16. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from al-‘Amrakiy ibn Ali from Ali ibn Ja‘far from his brother abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the case of one who had a nosebleed; then he blew his nose and parts of it became small segments which came in contact with his water container. Can he take Wudu’ with such water? He (the Imam) said, ’If nothing is visible in the water container it is not harmful. However, if things show in it he must not use it for Wudu’. 5 I (the narrator) then asked him (the Imam) about a man who has nosebleed while taking Wudu’ and a drop falls in his water container. Can he take Wudu 5 with such water? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he cannot take Wudu’ with such water.’”
17. Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Barqiy from Sa‘d ibn Sa‘d from Safwan who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about a man who needs to take Wudu’ for Salah (prayer). However, he is not able to find water. He finds a certain amount of water which is enough for his Wudu’ but it costs one hundred dirham or one thousand dirham. He has that much dirham to buy and take Wudu’, should he buy the water or instead take Tayammum? He (the Imam) said, ‘No, he must buy. This kind of thing has happened to me and I bought water to take Wudu’. What is bought (in this case) is a great deal.’” (For such Ahadith about an act or issue of the five categories of deeds the qualities such as Wujub, (Obligatory), Hurmat (Prohibited), Istihbab (Preference), Kirahat (Detestability) or Ibahah (Permissibility) one must consult fatwas of one’s Mujtahid.)
Sahih· al-Majlisi
Recueils sunnites : texte du jeu de données ouvert hadith-api. Al-Kafi : texte arabe, traduction de Muhammad Sarwar et authentifications de Thaqalayn.net via l'API Thaqalayn. La numérotation suit ces éditions et peut différer d'une copie imprimée — vérifiez l'arabe dans une édition de confiance avant de vous appuyer sur une référence.
